From Cotton Shortage To Famine: 1861--1865 British Cotton Shortage In China

Changes in the cotton textile industry led to the development of other relatedindustries. The cotton textile industry has made great achievements to urbanizationand industrialization. Although the19th century is the golden age of development inUK, the British cotton textile industry suffered serious difficulties from1861to1865.The quite rapid development of British cotton textile industry was inseparable withpolitical, economic and international environment of that era. In1860, after outbreakof American Civil War, the North blockaded the southern ports. British cotton textileindustry suffered a huge blow. British cotton textile industry cotton shortage resultsin unemployment, poverty, famine and other serious consequences to the textilecities. The cotton shortage was not only caused by insufficient social cotton supply,but for over production from the capitalist world and the impact of cyclical crises.This article is a study of British cotton textile industry in1861, its development afterthe outbreak of the American Civil War and the social problems it brought. Study ofBritish cotton shortage, British famine cities and understanding the interdependencebetween nations are of great significance to the research of contemporaryinternational relations and the mutual game theory. The article is divided into sixchapters, respectively, is Introduction; British Economy: background of the market,the technological revolution; Cotton Shortage: causes of the American Civil War,surplus production; the Cotton Shortage Influence: confusion in the market, the cityfamine; the Cotton Shortage Countermeasures Exploration: cotton supply,government relief and a summary of the British cotton shortage, thinking of urbanfamine and exploring the epoch-making significance of British cotton shortage andcities famine.