On The Exegesis Of Nature

Since Mr. Huang Kan proposed to build xunguxue, scholars have been studying the modernization of it at times. From the1980’s on, the study of the theory of xunguxue take on a prosperous look, there have been more theory works and papers than before. Some scholars such as Zhang Yueming, Yang Guangrong, Wang Tao, Zhou Guangqing, Zhao Chen summarized the study of the essence of xuguxue, and sorted various dissertations of the essence of xunguxue. This thesis improves on their sorts to get a new sort, there are six kinds of xunguxue:they are simplicity, synthesis, hermeneutic, semantics and hermeneutic, technology of reading ancient books, and science of textual study of the sense of ancient books, there are also some dissertations that can’t be sorted.By analyzing all the dissertations, we know that although there are so many dissertations about the essence of xunguxue, no one has really realized the essence of it.To realize what is xunguxue, one must make sure the object of the study of xunguxue; To realize the object of the study of xunguxue, one must have the historians flux of xunguxue in mind and the course of the conversion of traditional xunguxue to modern xunguxue in mind.The ancient xunguxue is a bulky syntheses. Early ancient xunguxue is namely xiaoxue, including not only all the content of traditional linguistics, but also the character teaching, calligraphy, xungu, practice of probing into the rule of Chinese language and Chinese character, and sporadic study of the theory of xunguxue, etc. When the phonetic book shenglei came out, xunguxue was late xunguxue, which included all the content of traditional xiaoxue except phonetics. The relationship between late xunguxue and the traditional linguistic is intersection: the study of the ancient Chinese phonology belongs to the traditional linguistic, but not to late xunguxue; teaching of character, practice of xungu, etc. do not belong to the traditional linguistic, but to late xunguxue.In modern times, many study fields of ancient xunguxue have been replaced by linguistic and classical philology, leaving only one field----the textual study of the meaning of the characters and sentences in ancient books. The other fields have run into some new subjects, but their adscription are still not determinate, they are both counted in linguistic and classical philology. These fields are interpretation, modern translation, compiling of interpretation and punctuation.The five fields, in addition to emendation, are just the whole field of clearing up the ancient books. They are just the content of modern xunguxue. They are all learned behavior. With the influence of modern science and technology, they have turned into modern xungu. So xunguxue should be such a science, it studies the methods and laws of clearing up the ancient books microcosmically. Circumstantiate it, xunguxue should be a subject that studies the methods and laws of emendation of ancient books, the methods and laws of interpretation, the methods and laws of compiling of interpretation, the methods and laws of modern translation, the methods and laws of punctuation in ancient books, and the methods and laws of the textual study of the meaning of the characters and sentences in ancient books. Xunguxue belongs to classical philology.Modern xungu are all learned behavior, so xunguxue should resort to some theories of behavior science. Each xungu behavior has three factors:the subject, the object, the means; two steps:xungu process and xungu result.Xungu has these qualities:synthesis, practicality, modernity in means. But xunguxue is the science that studies xungu, its intent is to instruct xungu, so xunguxue doesn’t have these qualities. The qualities of xunguxue are academic and nonfigurative, instructional and applied.The sort of xungu has a variety of criterions, accordingly, The sort of xunguxue also has a variety of criterions.Xungu bases on principles of other sciences, in reverse, xungu impels other sciences; xunguxue is a basal subject that serves other sciences; xunguxue is different from semantics, etymology, hermeneutic, lexicology, and the theory of literature, but it has close relation to all of them.The system of xunguxue should contain the following parts:pandect, the factors and steps of xungu, the emendation of ancient books, the textual study of the meaning of the characters and sentences in ancient books, the interpretation of ancient books, the compiling of interpretation of ancient books, the modern translation of ancient books, the punctuation of ancient books, the history of xunguxue.