The Financial Emergency Response Mechanism Research On The Major Natural Disasters

Since21st century, China’s frequent natural disasters, is the world’s worst affected by natural disasters in the world. Disasters not only seriously hampered the development of China’s economic and social stability, but also to the local people’s lives and enormous property damage. In2007, Report of the Seventeenth Party Congress, proposed to "improve the emergency management system","strengthen disaster prevention and mitigation work," reflects China’s emphasis on disaster emergency management to new heights.At present, our country’s public finances of natural disasters emergency response mechanism is not perfect, there is insufficient contingency funding budget expenditures, disproportionate allocation of emergency funds, unclear responsibilities of emergency management agencies and other issues. How to solve these problems, and building an effective public finance of emergency response mechanisms has become an important issue which theory and practice of community pay attention to.In this paper, a major natural disaster emergency for the study, from our national conditions, the integrated use of management, finance, law and other related disciplines, theoretical results, in accordance with the idea of propose question analyse the problem-solve the problem, and learn experience on the construction of emergency management from the United States, Japan and Canada and other developed countries, and research to build a public finances of emergency response mechanism. The main contents are as follows: First of all, this article introduces the domestic and international emergency management literature, on the basis of it, summarize the theory and general composition of public finance, and propose the necessity of building the public finance of emergency mechanisms.Secondly, to explain our country’s public finances station of major natural disasters emergency response mechanisms,taking financial relief management of Wenchuan earthquake and other natural disasters emergency management for example, propose the problems of emergency management, and analyze the reasons of these problems.Again, summarize the basic situation of major natural disaster emergency management of United States, Japan, Canada and other countries, sum up the experience of public finance of emergency management, lay the foundation for our country’s public finance of scientific and effective emergency system.Finally, according to the investigation of Yiyang City, Yongzhou City and Xiangxi County in Hunan province, and benefit form the developed country, put forward compose to build our country’s public finance of natural disaster emergency response mechanism:Broaden the emergency fund-raising channels, optimize the expenditure structure of the emergency fund, standardized emergency fund management system, strengthen financial emergency public information and improve financial emergency legal construction.