Study On Flood Relief In Northern Jiangsu On The32nd Year Of The Reign Of Emperor Guangxu (1906)

The32ndyear of the Reign of Emperor Guangxu in the QingDynasty（1906）is one of the most serious flood years in Chinese history,the year from March to May, Guangdong， Sichuan， Hunan and otherprovinces hit by heavy rain， flooding， and the flood in the northernJiangsu area was particular serious， the victims were of seven millionhuge, people became destitute and homeless owing to flood. Foodproduction, famine mass starvation，the refugee community have emerged,the rulers of Qing Dynasty faced with a crisis.At the party, under the leaders of Duan Fang, Sheng Xuanhuai,YangWending. Qing government adopted various means, extensively absorbed all kinds of social forces，conducted a successful flood relief activities.Their reasonable capital raising repatriated refugees, let them return totheir home, relief a large number of victims; the work relief that adisaster relief way modern color to allow victims to obtain food by labor，not only promote the construction of the project, and stable victims; takethe Officer of righteousness and relief encourage the private strengthrelief，allow foreign forces relief achieved good results, which made allmake the relief activities successful. Although the relief mode with relief as the leading Officer of righteousness and relief due to the destruction ofthe Qing Dynasty is not fully developed, but as a new disaster reliefmechanism of Chinese International Famine Relief Commission, faminerelief system got continuous development.The article is divided into seven chapters. The first chapterdescribed the status and influences of famine, it is the description ofthe overall and local dimensions of the two floods in NorthernJiangsu and the reduction of food production and the damage of socialorder; The second chapter analyzed the causes of the flood disaster,the reasons are analyzed from two aspects of natural and socialreasons；The third chapter mainly described the plight of officialrelief due to poor relief, shortage of personnel and funds, and the lackof help of Yi Shen, official relieftrapped victims, more scattered, disaster expanded; The fourthchapter described the severance activities，especially the Qingjiang severance activities, it also included Yangzhou, severance, theflood severance activity was successful, nearly five hundredthousand victims in Qingjiang Pu were laid off in a month to gohome, other local people were also sent home. In short, this was aremarkable achievement；The fifth chapter is the relief process ofthe new relief mode, namely the gentry dominated by justice, theOfficer of righteousness and relief have based on the spring, winter relief, lower prices, work relief, relief activities andafter the relief pattern, the Officer of righteousness and relief has beendeveloped and consolidated in the disaster relief activities, andachieved good results in the disaster relief activities, but also onthe end of the Qing Dynasty relief activities help greatly; Thesixth chapter wrote civil relief activities, including relief aid activitiesin various forms, many social organizations and social classes toparticipated in the disaster relief activities in the past; The seventhchapter was the summary and evaluation of theflood, including statistics on the relief of funds and personnel, fordisaster meritorious personnel incentive, and evaluation of disasterrelief pattern the Officer of righteousness and relief, relief modeGuangxu thirty-two years flood relief activities in the developmentand consolidation in the Officer of righteousness and relief, disasterrelief practice the organizational level of the highest, and theChinese International Famine Relief Commission inherited anddeveloped the relief method of the Officer of righteousness andrelief based on the China famine relief system. The fourth, fifth andseventh chapters are the focus of writing of research.