Study On Four Characteristic Affixes Of Lishi Dialect In Shanxi Province

Lishi（离石） Dialect belongs to the Fenzhou dialect of North Shanxi. Compared withMandarin, Lishi（离石）dialect has its own features. Lishi(离石) dialect will be the inspectionnobject of this article and I have collected corpus thugh a field survey,and use the achieved researchsynthesis of Shanxi Dialect, discusses and classifies Lishi Dialect’s four special grammarphenomena, they are four affixes: Ge（圪）, Hu（忽）, Ri （日）and Da（打）, so that can furtherexplore the grammar features of these affixes. This thesis can be divided into the following sixparts:(1) Introduction: this chapter briefly discusses the custom, culture and geography of Lish（离石）City, the status quo of Lish（i离石）Dialect research and the theory background, materialresources of this thesis. The thesis conclude the reason of paper topics and significance are brieflyintroduced, stated the Lishi dialect current study, the method of research and the theoreticalbackground and corpus source.(2) This chapter mainly analyzes the grammar, semantics, and pragmatics of affixGe （圪）which is the most characteristic affix of Lishi （离石）Dialect. The wordformation ability of Ge（圪） is very strong, in Lishi (离石) Dialect so it can beformed as nouns, verbs, adjectives, quantifiers, and onomatopoeia.(3)This chapter describes verb, adjective, and onomatopoeia formed by prefix Hu（忽）and sums up the semantic and grammatical function of the construction “Hu（忽）plus word” which is a fixed pattern in Lishi （离石）dialect.(4)This chapter focuses on the synchronic description of verbs and adjectivesformed by affix Ri（日), the language material sources, structural forms, semantic andgrammatical function of affix R（i日）, the formation of Ri（日）and the popularizationof using affix Ri（日） as oaths.(5)This chapter synchronically describes the verbs and adjectives formed byusing Da（打）as prefix, infix, and suffix. It also describes the diachronic evolution ofDa, which is the suffix Da（打） coming from verb Da（打）, with the help of ancientdocuments.“Da（打）+v.”,“adj.+Da（打）+adj.”, and “v.+Da（打）”, these threestructures in Lishi（离石） dialect has been fixed and widespread used. In thestructure of “Da（打）+v.”, the original meaning of Da（打）has been removed whileits usage as a verb still remains. In the structure of “adj.+Da （打）+adj.”, thefunction of Da（打）is only for connecting two adjectives. In the structure of “v.+Da（打）”, Da can only express the gentle and random of the verb and the original meaning of which has been removed. This chapter also classifies the verb Da（打）, sothat to analyze its evolution process.(6)Chapter five summarizes the whole thesis and puts up the problem to besolved and the research direction in the future.