A Study For The Rise And Practice Of Conciliar Movement In The Late Medieval

This thesis focused on Pisa1409,the Council of Constance (1414-1418)and the Council of Basel(1431-1439)of the late Medieval. Concialiar Movement developed as an solving way of the church crisis, suchas the reat hallenge from continuous heresy and developing nationalism,epecilly as an response of the Great Schism,which were the missions of the councils. It could be divided into three stages, which consistently developed with the conflicts of the contemporary historical situation with its own characteristic, distinguish with expedient measure.Conciliarism handed downed great legacy in the subsequent political thought.This thesis is divided into three parts:exordium, test and epilogue:In the part of exordium, mainly included the definition of the research range, combing the current situation home and board and pointing out the value of this paper.In the part of test,the first chapter indicated the fertile soil of the Conciliarism.It mainly included two part:the catholic crisis and the borrow useful element of ancient and medieval social culture and practise.The sencond chapter study the Conciliarism before Pisa and its first practise.The concept that the council could depose unqualified Papal was established.The third part concentrate on dealing with the climax stage of Concialiar Movement: the Council of Constance.With the guidement of Pierre d’Ailly, Gerson and Zabarella’s Concialiar thought,it obtained great achievements,such as finishing the Great Schism,promulgating important decrees such as Haec sancta and Frequens,executions of Wycliffe and Hus heresy and so on.Therefore, constitutionalism put into practice to a certain extent in the Catholic.The fourth part I mainly researched prosperity of Concialiar Movement-the Council of Basel.Thus,the author pay attention on the’concordance’and’consent’which are heart of Nicholas of Cusa’s thought.It’s a summary and peak of Conciliarism, promoting a greater progress than Constance especially on aspect of democracy. However, such reformation caused attackment of the Papal beause of its’touched the papal’s super power. It should be noted that in face of the Papal’s strong forces and diplomatic skills the Conciliarists and the secular nations change their side into the Papal Monarchy. In the epilogue, on the basis of discussing the system of the fifteenth Concialiar Movement and analyzing the comprehensive conciliarism, the author attempt to assess it objectively and pointing out its influences in the future history.