| Purpose: To verify the effect of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS),the component of Panax Notoginseng, on promoting bone formation indistraction osteogenesis(DO) in vivo, so as to provide foundation for its clinicalapplication of PNS in the field of DO.Methods: Thirty-two New Zealand rabbits were randomly devided into thelarge dose (120mg/kg) group, the middle dose (80mg/kg) group, low dose(40mg/kg) group and the control group (normal saline with equal volumes) with8rabbits respectively, according to the dosage of PNS.Unilateral mandibularDO was performed in all animals. PNS was given daily via intramuscularinjection to the experiment groups from the first day after the surgery to one daybefore rabbits’ death.Then four animals of each group were sacrificed and themandibles were harvested at the end of distraction period and after two-weekbone consolidation. In order to verify the effect of PNS on promoting boneformation in DO, the general oberservation, X-ray, scanning electronmicroscopy were performed; The Ca/P concentration ratio was measured by energy dispersive spectroscopy. Serum was obtained, Ca, P contents in serumwere detected, and then the value of Ca×P was calculated. The expression ofTGF-β1in DO tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry technique.Results: Samples from all rabbits were successfully achieved according to theexperimental design without halfway death, wound infection, distraction deviceand titanium nails falling off.1) General oberservation:At the end of the distraction period,there was aslight movement of distraction gap, new bone tissues of PNS groups were betterthan those of the control group, as the dose increased, new bone became better.After two-week bone consolidation, the distraction zone had some degree ofhardness and there was no movement of distraction gap; Compared to thecontrol group,new bone tissue of PNS groups were with higher density,as thedose increased,new bone became better.2）X-ray:At the end of the distraction period,the osteotomy lines wereclear.After two-week bone consolidation,boundaries of the bone ends werefuzzy,the density of distraction gaps were close to the normal bonenearby;On the whole,the PNS groups had slightly higher density than thecontrol group;As the dose increased,new bone became better.3) Scanning electron microscopy: At the end of distraction, newly formedtrabeculars, collagen fibers paralleled with the direction of distraction.Distraction zone sample of the control group and the low dose group weremainly filled with fibrous tissue; The middle dose group and the large dosegroup showed more polygonal or irregular osteoblasts.After two-week boneconsolidation, a large number of irregular polygonal osteoblasts arranged on thesurface of tissue, the osteoblasts were gradually surrounded by bone matrix.4) Ca/P concentration ratio: Compared to the control group, the middle dose group and the large dose group had statistically significant difference.(p＜0.05)5) Ca×P: The value of Ca×P in each group was over40mg/100mL.At theend of the distraction period, the large dose group had statistically significantcompared to the control group (p<0.05).6)TGF-β1expression:At the end of the distraction period,PNS groups hadstronger positive stain,and this difference became more apparent as the PNSdose increased;Compared to the control group, the middle dose and the largedose PNS groups had significant difference(p＜0.05); After two-week boneconsolidation,the positive staining became darker as the dose increased,the largedose PNS group had significant difference（p＜0.05) compared to the controlgroup.Conclusions: Rabbit model of mandibular distraction osteogenesis with theadministration of PNS is successfully established to study the effect of PNS; The results show that PNS have the effect of promoting bone formation indistraction osteogenesis. |
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