| Objective:To determine the split steps of the chemical composition of Scrophularia ningpoensis, the effective components and physicochemical properties of Scrophularia ningpoensis were analyzed; To explore the effect of their antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor, the part of the pharmacological indexes were selected according to indication functions of Scrophularia ningpoensis and then the its material foundation of efficacy was clarified; The evaluation system of pharmacology and flavour in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) was set up by building the relevance of chemical composition, pharmacological index, material base and flavor to finally clarify the ingredients material basis of the flavour of Scrophularia ningpoensisMethods:By consulting the data platform, such as CNKI, Wanfang Data, PUBMED, the extensive documented literatures of Scrophularia ningpoensis were summarized. The effective components of Scrophularia ningpoensis were extracted and detected by combining modern technology with traditional technique followed by lyophilization and sequestration. The split method of the basis of the flavor substances on Scrophularia ningpoensis was built by combining solvent extraction, alcohol precipitation method and macroporous adsorption resin separation process with pores adsorption resin separation method;2,4-dinitrophenol was used in pyrogenicity to observe the antipyretic effect and determine its material basis after the treatment of Scrophularia ningpoensis; Intraperitoneal injection of glacial acetic acid and mechanical pressure rat tail have been more widely adopted to observe the analgesic action after the treatment of Scrophularia ningpoensis and determine its material basis; xylene has been used to cause the rats’ auricle swelling in order to observe the anti-inflammatory effects after the treatment of Scrophularia ningpoensis and determine its material basis; The anti-tumor effect was observed by MTT method after the treatment of Scrophularia ningpoensis and determine its material basis; To explore which effective chemical compositions of Scrophularia ningpoensis are related to its efficacy and flavor. Taken Yin and Yang for example, lots of reasoning methods were used.Results:1. The theory of Chinese medicine medicinal properties, the five flavours (sweet, sour, bitter, pungent and salty), was summarized by retrospective study on literature. Meanwhile figwort varieties, its chemical compositions, pharmacological actions and clinical applications were summed up, which laid a solid foundation on literature for the subject.2. The study on establishment of the extraction process of Scrophularia ningpoensis and the chemical separation system:Twice with0.6times of petroleum ether extract slices of Scrophularia ningpoensis, every time12h, merge the extracted liquid and vacuum distill to plaster, which is how fatty oil was derived. After collected the liquid and dried, the TCM residue was decocted with10times and8times the amount of distilled water1.5h at a time respectively. The two solutions were merged and concentrated to a certain viscosity in vacuum, then they are cryodesiccated to powder and seal preserved.After processed water decoction into powder, water was added to dissolve, followed10times the amount of volume85%ethanol was added and stirried constantly, then stand for12h and repeate3-4times, collecting precipitation part and freeze-drying, that’s what is alcohol precipitation component. The supernatant solution was vacuum concentrated to a certain viscosity and absorbed by D101macroporous resin. The eluents of water and10%ethanol were merged, that’s what is big polarity iridoid constituents. After enriched70%ethanol elution parts and absorbed MCI adsorption resin,20%-100%methanol components is small polarity iridoid constituents; after merging20%methanol components and30%macroporous resin elution parts and through MCI holes resin,40%methanol components was collected as styrene acrylic glycosides components.3. The study on effect of antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor of Scrophularia ningpoensis:It is of a good antipyretic effect, and it shows a clear dose-effect relationship, of which large polar iridoid components and small polar cycloalkenyl ether terpene component have a better antipyretic effect. Scrophularia ningpoensis have good analgesic effect. The pain induced by acetic acid writhing in mice were significantly reduced by middle-dose and high-dose group of Scrophularia ningpoensis water decoction liquid, in which the middle-dose group is the most significant and its inhibition rate reaches to61.11%, large polar iridoid has significant differences; The water decoction liquid in low-medium and high-dose groups have improved tenderness mechanical pain threshold in mice, each components segment has significantly improved after treatment of15min pain threshold. And it has a good anti-inflammatory effect. Middle dose group of water decoction liquid have inhibited xylene-induced mouse ear edema, and its inhibition rate was37.5%, xylene-induced ear edema in mice which was treated with Scrophularia ningpoensis do not exhibit a dose-dependent manner. Among the chemical group split points, alcohol precipitation group, large group of polar iridoid, phenylpropanoid glycosides group compared with the control group, the difference was significant. The experiments on anti-tumor effect of Scrophularia ningpoensis in vitro are remarkable. Among split components, ethanol precipitation and phenylpropanoid glycoside component inhibit gastric cancer cell proliferation, its inhibition rate increased along with drug concentration increases, and there is a clear dose-effect relationship and shows a significant dose-dependent; the data results of gastric cancer cell is similar to the cell proliferation inhibition rate of hepatoma.4."Alcohol precipitation component" may be the material basis of flavor "bitter, sweet and salty";"big polarity iridoid constituents" may be the material basis of flavor "bitter and sweet";"phenylpropanoid glycosides" may be the material basis of flavor "bitter, sweet and salty";"small polarity iridoid constituents" may be the material basis of flavor "bitter and sweet".Conclusions:The chemical composition of Scrophularia ningpoensis separation process is feasible, through chemical test and the analysis of ultraviolet absorption, and no cross found the split components:"fatty oil","alcohol precipitation component","big polarity iridoid constituents","phenylpropanoid glycosides" and "small polarity iridoid constituents". Pharmacological studies have shown that Radix Scrophulariae have antipyretic and analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and pharmacological effects, and establish a evaluation system in Chinese medicine pharmacology and the flavour, finally according to the system to clarify the flavour of each split components of Scrophularia ningpoensis:"Alcohol precipitation component" have antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect, and it may be the material basis of flavor "bitter, sweet and salty";"big polarity iridoid constituents" have antipyretic, peripheral analgesic, anti-inflammatory pharmacological effects, and it may be the material basis of "bitter" flavor;"phenylpropanoid glycosides" have central analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor pharmacological effects, and it may be the material basis of flavor "bitter, sweet and salty";"small polarity iridoid constituents" have antipyretic and central analgesia effect, and it may be the material basis of "bitter" flavor. This paper proves that the medicinal properties and flavour is detachable and composability. |
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