Experimental Study Of Danhong Injection On The Prevention And Cure Of Cerebral Vasospasm (CVS) After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH)

Objective：To observe the cerebrovascular morphological changes andthe expression of protein kinase C (PKC) in the blood vessel wall of themodel of subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) in rats,to explore Danhonginjection effect on the prevention and treatment and mechanism of cerebralvasospasm (CVS) after subarachnoid hemorrhage.Methods：56SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: normalcontrol group (n=8), saline group (n=16), SAH group (n=16) and Danhonginjection treatment after SAH group (treatment group, n=16). The normalcontrol group did not receive any treatment,7days killed; saline group werekilled on day3,7(each8) to the cisterna magna after saline injection; SAHgroup and Danhong injection treatment after SAH group were shares ofbuilding models by autologous arterial blood into the cisterna magna secondinjection, SAH group also killed after3,7days (each8); treatment group werekilled at3,7days after intraperitoneal injection by Danhong injection eachday(each8). The brain pontine basilar artery were removed at different timepoints after the animal by modeling,to observe thickness and morphologicalchanges of vessel wall after slicing, to measure the expression of PKC invessel wall using immunohistochemical staining, the results were statisticallyanalyzed.Results：1. Hematoxin Eosin (HE) results: Smooth basilar artery wall,complete endothelial cell structure, the elastic plate no folds or broken were in the normal control group and the saline group. There were changes in basilarartery including artery luminal narrowing, vessel wall thickening andstructural disorder; endometrial wrinkled or broken, and uneven thickness;endothelial cell deformation and swelling; the tunica media and outermembrane thickening, smooth muscle cell hypertrophy, inflammatory cellinfiltration after SAH group on3and7days. These changes appeared to bemore severe on day7. Basilar artery luminal narrowing, vessel wallthickening, endometrial folds and inflammatory cell infiltration etc, wereeased in treatment group at each time point compared with SAH group.The inner diameter of basilar artery and artery wall thickness: Therewere no significant changes with the inner diameter of basilar artery andartery wall thickness in the normal and saline groups (P<0.05); The SAHgroup and the treatment group compared with the normal group, the innerdiameter of basilar artery had narrowed and the artery wall thickness hadincreased. The inner diameter of basilar artery had narrowed and the arterywall thickness had increased in SAH group and treatment group, thesechanges on the seventh day were more obvious than the third day in the SAHgroup,while the third day were slightly obvious than the seventh day in thetreatment group.At each time point, the SAH group compared with the salinegroup were significant changes of the inner diameter of basilar artery andartery wall thickness(P<0.05);The treatment group compared with the SAHgroup, it was the larger the inner diameter of basilar artery and thin wall, thedifference was statistically significant(P<0.05).2. Immunohistochemistry: To detect PKC weak immunoreactivity in thenormal group and the saline group; PKC immunoreactivity was seen in theSAH group and the treatment group, it could be observed in the intima and the smooth muscle layer that were brown or tan, and it located in the cellcytoplasm and cell membrane. PKC immunoreactivity in the seventh day ofSAH group was the most obvious, followed by the third day; PKC expressionwas not statistical significance between the normal group and the saline group(P>0.05); At each time, PKC expression was significantly decreased by thetreatment group compared with the SAH group, and were significantstatistical differences (P<0.05).Conclusion：1.Cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhagebasilar artery expression of PKC activity has significantly increased, theextent consistent with the degree of morphological changes in cerebralvasospasm, indicating increased activity of PKC plays an important role in thecontinued spasm of blood vessels in the brain.2. Danhong injection may be through inhibition of PKC activity torelieve cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage caused.