The Current Situation Of Tuberculosis Diagnosis Value Of IFN-γ Release Assays

TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mycobacteriumtuberculosis, Mtb) of chronic infections, tuberculosis epidemic situationis particularly serious in china. TST, tuberculosis antibody detection,bacteriological examination method for the diagnosis of tuberculosis isin routine use. But because of the positive rate of bacteriologicalexamination is not high, Delayed detection results, TST detection bythe history of BCG vaccination influence, the positive rate oftuberculosis antibody detection of low sensitivity and specificity, theclinical need better determination method. In recent years, with thedevelopment of immunology and genomics, the in vitro IFN-gammaresponse in T cell based assay. The basic principle is to be sensitized byMycobacterium tuberculosis T lymphocytes, again by the associatedantigen stimulation will release IFN-γ, IFN-γ reaction of high levelcan be prompted to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. IFN-γproduced and mixed polypeptide antigen ESAT-6, CFP-10, is notaffected by the BCG, the diagnosis of tuberculosis in specificity greatlyimprove. Comparing the research from the IGRA and TST, tuberculosis antibody detection, bacteriological examination in the diagnosis oftuberculosis, the value of IGRA in active pulmonary tuberculosis andlatent infection diagnosis of. IGRA was affected by the immune state ofrelatively minor, is not affected by the history of BCG vaccination, canimmediately get the test results, in the diagnosis of tuberculosis hashigher sensitivity and specificity, the more valuable the latenttuberculosis infection.