Active Compounds Extraction From Cordyceps Militaris And Development Of Health Food

Cordyceps militaris also called north Chinese caterpillar fungus. Wild cordyceps militaris is a kind of cordyceps sinensis. The natural resource of worldwide distribution is rare. The main active components of cordyceps militaris is mainly adenosine kind, GMPC, mannitol, SOD enzyme and ergosterol, etc. The functions of sedation, antioxidant, prevention and anti-aging, enhance immunity, antitumor and protection of heart and lung tissue are determined by the types and contents of the components. The reports about cordyceps militaris are mainly concentrated in the cordycepin and GMPC, rarely related to the protein research and relative health care products. The mainly research contents and results of this paper are as follows:There are four methods are taken in this paper to extract the cordycepin from cordyceps militaris, like water extraction, ethanol reflow method, ultrasonic extraction of water, ultrasonic extraction of ethanol. Each method was optimized by single factor and response surface method.The optimum condition of water extraction:extracting temperature58.64℃, extracting times2.38times, extracting time5.3hours, solid-liquid ratio1:14.98; The optimum condition of ethanol reflow method:extracting temperature:82.21℃, extracting time3.28hours, ethanol concentration82.31%; The optimum condition of ultrasonic extraction of water: ultrasonic power731.60W, extracting time22.14mins, solid-liquid ratio1:12.85;The optimal condition of ultrasonic extraction of ethanol:ultrasonic power719.4W, extracting time19.21mins, ethanol concentration68.96%. The cordycepin yields of four methods are1.55mg/g,0.416mg/g,1.263mg/g and0.538mg/g respectively. Through the comparison of the results of each method, the optimal extracting method is water extraction.Cordyceps militaris honey extractum is developed by slected extraction method to extract cordycepin from cordyceps militaris and through the production process.This paper is also studied the function of enhance immunity of the extractum. The cordyceps militaris honey extractum was given to mice through mouth at three doses (2.5g/kg.bw、5.0g/kg.bw、15.0g/kg.bw) for30days. There was significant difference ((P<0.05或P<0.01)) between different dosages of samples and the blank group.15.0g/kg.bw dosage of the sample could enhance the abilities of delayed hypersensitivity and lymphocyte transformation; increase the quantity of antibody producing cells and the half serum hemolysin value. Dosages of5.0g/kg.bw and15.0g/kg.bw of samples could activity of natural killer cell. So the results showed that cordyceps militaris honey extractum can improve immunity. Through the accelerating experiment to study the stability of the cordyceps militaris honey extractum, the results showed that there was no obvious changes of the effective components, so and other specifications, the hygiene index also accord with the provisions of "General Standard of Health Care (function) Food GB16740-1997".The cordyceps militaris protein was extracted through alkali extraction and acid precipitation. Single factor and response surface methods were employed to optimize the extracting coditions. The optimum condition of extracting:extracting time128min, solid-liquid ratio1:16.2, the concentration of NaOH solution0.14mol/L. The ratio of papain and compound protease was1:3chosen by comparing the degree of hydrolysis, hydrolysate color and hydrolysate turbidity to hydrolyse cordyceps militaris protein. Through the single factor experiment and response surface method to optimize the extraction conditions, and finally determined the optimum condition were:time4.5h, pH7.19, temperature52.54℃. The total pepide amount of protein is51.62mg/g.The paper also Studied the preparation of cordyceps militaris tablet. The relationship between additive amount of cordyceps militaris powder and sensory index of the tablets, the influence of beta-cyclodextrin (P-CD) on the color and taste of tablets, the influence of magnesium stearate on the state of the organization of tablets and the influence of mixed ratio of starch and maltodextrin on the taste of tablets were studied in this paper. So the formula of cordyceps militaris tablets was determined (quality of material5g as an example):cordyceps militaris powder0.5g,0.2g sucrose, P-cd0.4g, magnesium stearate0.05g, salt0.01g, starch and maltodextrin are1.92g, respectively.