| Background:Early prevention of diabetes has become one of major public health problem in China. Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) after delivery have higher risk of developing type2diabetes mellitus. A lifestyle intervention which include diet and exercise intervention can effectively prevent type2diabetes mellitus. However, there is less related research in China for women having GDM and IGT after delivery to prevent type2diabetes mellitus by the lifestyle intervention. Thus, it is necessary to explore the effect of the lifestyle intervention on them to prevent type2diabetes mellitus.Objective:To compare state of weight and glycometabolism differences between the control group and the intervention group after the lifestyle intervention and the differences before and after the lifestyle intervention in the control group, and evaluate the feasibility of implementing the lifestyle intervention among them.Methods:A quasi-experimental study was used in the study.144women who were diagnosed GDM and treated during pregnancy at Peking Union Medical College Hospital or Beijing Haidian District Maternity and Child Care Center and had IGT6-8weeks postpartum were sampled conveniently. Then, they were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group. The intervention group was given the lifestyle intervention until6months after delivery, while the control group was only introducd type2diabetes mellitus prevention knowledge and reminded of follow-up by telephone. The lifestyle intervention was consisted of introducing type2diabetes mellitus prevention knowledge, making and implementing the plan of diet and exercise, and urging the intervention group to take notes about implementation on the forms. Two interventional methods were used, including home visits and follow-up phone calls. The researcher gave biweekly home visits frome the first week to the twelfth after the hospital checking, and gave biweekly follow-up phone calls frome the ninth week to the sixteenth. Weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and2-hours blood glucose (2hBG) in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting insulin (FINS) and hemoglobin Alc (HbAlc) were examined in hospitals in6～8weeks and6months after delivery. Weight and2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG) of the intervention group were measured every month during the intervention period. The feasibility of implementing the lifestyle intervention was evaluated after intervention.Results:130women having GDM and IGT after delivery finished the whole data collecting process. And68of them were in the intervention group, the others were in the control group. The results of the study showed that (1) Compared with baseline data, all the index of the intervention group were significantly improved (P<0.05), and there was no significant effect on the control group.(2) Compared two groups, all the other index of the intervention group were significantly improved after intervention (P<0.05), except weight and body mass index (IBM). But differences of weight and IBM between before and after intervention in the intervention group were higher than them in the control group (P<0.05).(3)93%of the participants expressed their satisfaction on the lifestyle intervention.Conclusions:The lifestyle intervention can significantly improve the state of weight and glycometabolism in women having GDM and IGT after delivery, and prevent type2diabetes. So it is worthy to carry out the lifestyle intervention in the community among women with GDM and IGT after delivery in future. And this research has a far-reaching implication for type2diabetes prevention. Most of women were satisfied with the lifestyle intervention given by home visit and phone call following-up. But some of them also suggested adding the methods of the lifestyle intervention, such as video and chat over the network. These can provide lessons to select intervention methods of related research in the future. |
PDF Full Text Request