The Protective Effects Of Anthocyanidin Extracts On Retinal Photic Damage Of Rats

Retina is the most sensitive and metabolic part of body which is the original part ofreceiving and delivering visive information and easily to influenced by intense light,resulting to visive dysfunction and light-induced retinal damage. So it is necessary tostudy the process of RPD for military and clinic purposes. Anthocyanin extracts, whichbelong to the favonoid compounds, are natural segments widely distributed in plants,vegetables, and fruits. It was reported that the British pilots took anthocyanins as a way ofprotecting dark adaption during the World War2. In the past four decades, basic andclinical studies of anthocyanin-rich food extracts had intensifed their potential healthcareeffects. They had been used as treat agents for many eye diseases such as cataract,glaucoma, and maculopathies. Black rice anthocyanins (BRACs)are developped widely inChina, which are available as nutritional supplements for improving visual function in Japan andthe USA. Recently a series of studies showed that BRACs may be more usefulthan we had thought of them. On the base of previous experiments, here we go further onthe model of RPD and make a reasearch of protection of anthocyanin extracts on lightinduced retinal damages.Methods and materialsSeventy-two adult rats were bought from the Animal Care Center of the FMMU,SPFgrade, and they were randomly devided into groups by the directions of our experiments.Some of them were devided into normal saline (NS) group, anthocyanidin (AC) group andmixed (HRS+anthocyanidin,1:1in volume) group and then were intraperitonealinjected inSection2, whose anthocyanidin were sponsored by Haotian Corp in the process ofexperiments. In Section3thirty-six rats were dedived into control group, anthocyanidingavage-treated group and anthocyanidin drop-treated group which were treated for1/2/4weeks. RPD models were built by our instruments which were designed by our lab.ERG tests were recorded by RETIport Consult System (Roland, Germany). The H&Eslices were made by pathological methods and cut along vertical direction, and the sites ofobservation were defined around the optic disk and every0.5mm, and then the layers ofONL cells were calculated. The data were analyzed by SPSS17.0software.ResultsSection1The effects of different environmental temperatures: when different groupsof rats were exposed in low temperature, room temperature and high temperature, theretinal damages which consisted of the amplitudes of ERG tests and layers of ONL cellsshowed that high temperature group> low and room temperature groups, and there werestatistic significances (P<0.05).Section2Compared to their self-control eyes, the amplitudes of AC (100mg/kg), NSand Mixed groups (100mg/kg) showed a decline, and the NS group was the lowest of all,and showed statistic significances (P<0.05). The difference between AC and Mixedgroups were lower than NS group, and showed statistic significances (P<0.05). The layers of ONL cells of different groups all showed a decline and some siteswhich were most1-2mm around the optic nerve head (OPH) and the upper sites of retina,showed statistic significances (P<0.05), comparing to their self-control eyes. The layers ofONL cells were much more than the NS group, there were statistic significances amongthe three groups (P<0.05).Section3When the rats were gavage-treated by anthocyanidin (100mg/kg/d) for1week, there were some effects produced, and then reach the highest piont after beingtreated for2weeks, while the effects were declined after being treated for4weeks. Whenthe rats were drop-treated by anthocyanidin (4%concentration,0.1ml/d), they showed atime-dependent manner, and showed statistic significances (P<0.05), comparing to thecontrol group.Conclusions1. Environmental experiment temperature is an important factor during the procedureof building RPDmodels, high temperature may cause severe damages of retina, it isnecesssary for us to keep proper temperature and take attention on the ventilation when webuilding RPD models.2. Anthocyanidin extracts have some effects of preventing lightinduced retinaldamages, the effects of the Mixed groups are as same as the AC extracts group.3. Gavage-treated and drop-treated by anthocyanidin also have some effects onpreventing the light-induced retinal damages. When the rats are gavage-treated for2weeks or drop-treated for4weeks, the effects reach peak points.