Association Between Age-related Decline Of Kidney Function And Plasma Reactive Carbonyl Species

Background and Aim:The domestic and foreign relevant research shows oxidative stress may cause specific damage to renal structures, and directly contribute to mild insufficiency of kidney function (MIKF) and further Promote the development and progression of chronic kidney diseases (CKD). However, oxidative stress may cause a series of damage to our boady, not only reactive oxygen species (ROS) direct attack many biological macromolecules, but also reactive carbonyl species (RCS). Compared with ROS, RCS can keep longer, and the effective distance is farther. Therefore, we believe that, in the process of renal function decline with age, RCS may play a crucial role.However, there is still no large cohort study to explore the association between age-related decline of kidney function with RCS. This study is to test the hypothesis that oxidative stress, indicated by RCS, is associated with the prevalence of MIKF and CKD after controlling the effects of confounding factors.Methods:Plasma levels of RCS, total mercaptan, and serum levels of fasting glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were analyzed from2,169Chinese Han adults. Questionnaire and physical examination were performed to know and susPect risk factors of renal function decline with age. Ultimately, all the datas adjusted for potential confounding factors were analysed using SPSS18.0.Results:(1) Kidney function was significantly associated with age, gender, body mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose, estimated glomerular filtration rate, plasma RCS and plasma total mercaptan (P<0.05).(2) Kidney function, as indicated by estimated glomerular filtration rate, showed a significant decline with age in both male and female (P<0.01). Though the association between age and plasma RCS levels was nonlinear, RCS was negatively related to kidney function (P<0.01).(3) The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio illustrated that plasma RCS had a significantly graded relation to the prevalence of MIKF and CKD with or without adjusted for confounding factors (P<0.05), And the highest quartile of RCS level were the lowest quartile1.99times and3.23times risk of developing MIKF and CKD respectively.(4) The multi-nomial logistic regression analysis showed that the MIKF risk was increased along with the enhancement of plasma RCS levels. And the unhealthy lifestyles (alcohol intake, tobacco consumption) or undesirable physical conditions (higher levels of body mass index) were prompting factors for the risk of MIKF. Further results from multi-interaction analysis demonstrated that plasma RCS may be the mediator linked different covariates with renal function decline.(5) As illustrated in result, the unhealthy lifestyles contributed an obvious upwards trend in the overall plasma RCS levels.Conclusion:This study provides credible evidence from a large population that high levels of RCS in plasma may link kidney function decline with age (P<0.05), and it is a direct and crucial risk factor for MIKF and/or CKD. The underlying mechanism of the increase of MIKF by overweight and unhealthy lifestyles might, at least in part, be through carbonyl stress indicated by plasma RCS levels.