The Exploration And Optimization On The Cultivation Of Industrial Production Of Flammulina Velutipes

Chinese mushroom-factory production is entering a rapid development period, and the quantity of industrial production enterprises and the annual output raise at an average annual rate of60%-70%. The main strain varieties which is produced by most enterprises was Hypsizigus marmoreus, Pleurotus eryngii, Flammnlina velutipes etc. With the increment of the production of Hypsizigus marmoreus, Pleurotus eryngii, Flammulina velutipes and other popular edible fungi, the market was tend to be saturated, and product profit margins became more and more small. Therefore, the development of mini-pearl-mushroom varieties and industrial production technology, could improve the cultivar diversity of enterprises, and enhance their market competitiveness to meet the growing market demand, and was an urgent need to promote the development of the mushroom industry.This research was started from screening the best strain which was suitable for industrial production, then studied liquid fermentation excellent formula and optimum fermentation conditions for mini-pearl-mushroom by orthogonal test. And we compared the effects of different fiber waste and different contents of CaCO3and Ca(OH)2to the mini-pearl-mushroom growth and development, and filter out high yield solid material recipe suitable for the cultivation of industrial production. And we explored the impact of environmental conditions on the mini-pearl-mushroom fruiting-body growth and development, in order to provide some technical support for coming up a complete set of mini-pearl-mushroom controlling program. The main results are listed as follows:1. We contrasted the hypha growth situation, liquid fermentation characteristics, yield and quality of10strains, and the result indicated that ST09grew faster than the others, and the average growth cycle was48days. ST09do well on yield and quality, was the most suitable strain variety for the cultivation of industrial production.2. We studied the effect of different carbon source and nitrogen source and the interaction between them on the growth and development of mini-pearl-mushroom, and found that there was obvious interaction between nitrogen source and the interaction, and the best combination was sucrose and soybean meal.3. In this paper, we studied the influence on the growth and development of mini-pearl-mushroom of the different lignocellulosic wastes. Result indicated that brewer’s grains made mycelium grow more strongly; And sugarcane bagasse and beet pomace accelerated the mycelium’s growth; While citrus peel promoted the growth and development of fruit-bodies; At last sugarcane bagasse, beet pomace and citrus peel matched with brewer’s grains improved the yield and quality of mini-pearl-mushroom effectively.4. CaCO3and Ca(OH)2was important to adjust and buffer the pH of culture material. In this paper, we found that adding Ca(OH)2to culture material could reduce the pollution rate effectively, and the strain grew slowly and product poorly without CaCO3and Ca(OH)2. The result was that the optimum dosage was adding0.5%CaCO3and0.5%Ca(OH)2.5. By studying the influence on the growth and development of mini-pearl-mushroom of the different hyphal culture temperature, we found that the mycelium grew faster when the culture temperature rise. However, when the temperature was higher than22℃, the mini-pearl-mushroom could not build fruit-body normally. And the optimum hyphal culture temperature was18℃.6. We studied the influence of different environment conditions on the growth and development of the mini-pearl-mushroom, and found that in fruit-body bud phrase, the temperature reached18℃would have serious adverse impact on its squaring, the optimum temperature is14.5℃. And it was likely to generate aerial mycelia when the relative air humidity was too high, on the other side, when it was too low, the surface of the culture material would be dry and generate some brown discharge. The most optimum relative air humidity was90%-95%. Slight light stimulation can effectively promote uniformity and quantities of squaring. White and blue light can effectively promote the elongation of stipe, but they could also make the cap be bigger. The red light affected a little and it could be used as the working light. And the white light was helpful to form the specific color of mini-pearl-mushroom. High concentrations of carbon dioxide can effectively promote the elongation of mini-pearl-mushroom stipe.7. We optimized the original fermentation process, by increasing the ventilation flow, and reducing vent which could effectively reduce fungus ball clogging the nozzle situtation.With using the red light as the working light, it could reduce the influence of light on the growth and development of mini-pearl-mushroom.