Research On Improvement Of Saline Alkali Land And Changes Of Agricultural Environment In Heilonggang Area (1949-1979)

Saline-alkali soil has always been the largest low-yielding soil in Heilonggangarea. After the founding of PRC, a large-scale movement aiming at improving thequality of soil began in Heilonggang area. From1949to1979, three massive anti-saline-alkali soil movements have been carried out in Helonggang area. In this paper,based on a large number of collections of archives, author researches saline soil’sinfluences on changes of agricultural environment, explores huge impact that thechanges have on the production and life of local people, and tries to sum upexperience and draw lesson from the Heilonggang’s movement.This paper begins with a more detailed overview of measures andcountermeasures for improving saline-alkali soil in Heilonggang during the firstfive-year plan, the experience promotion in "Great Leap Forward", as well as themasses’ radical movement for Hai River Alkaline climax and digging wellssolodization. And two examples with explanation and analyses of those processes arepresented from microcosmic view.Then an introduction of the reform movement in Heilonggang saline basin isfollowed. Respectively from the changes in characteristics of water environment,changes in cultivated species and soil foundation in this area, an overall description ofenvironmental changes in Heilonggang area is significantly shown.Finally, from the viewpoint of environmental history, the author integratesenvironmental sociology to analyze and reflect the whole process of movement forimprovement of saline condition in Heilonggang area. Furthermore, deep researcheson human beings’ roles in environmental changes are greatly needed. Ultimately, anoverall view of this movement from economic, environmental and cultural changesthroughout Heilonggang area is significant. Author proposes in the paper that, by the masses’ campaign-style reformmovement, the agricultural environment Heilonggang area has undergone greatchanges in short time. All these will actively promote the production in agricultureand the improvement of living standards of the local people. However, due to the lackof improvement of the process of scientific theory to guide, and the over-exploitationof natural resources, ultimately many environmental problems in Heilonggang areacame out. Many problems until today still have not been properly addressed.Therefore, in the new era and the new situation, to improve the environment inagriculture, human should do not blindly engineering, commanding of the project,instead, more scientific proofs should be cautiously shown before scale of movement.Only a good balance between improving the environment and protecting theenvironment, can human beings make the environment development more survivaland sustainable.