Studies On The Factors Affecting Microspore Embryogenesis And Quality Of Broccoli

Microspore culture is an effective technology of haploid breeding, which cultivates the haploid microspore cell. Homozygous doubled-haploid (DH) lines can be obtained in1-2years, that greatly accelerates the process of breeding in plant. The microspore embryogenesis is not only greatly influenced by genotype, but also easily affected by many uncertain factors in the culture environment, such as pretreatment, activated carbon concentration, et al. Study on main influencing factors of microspore embryogenesis in broccoli speeds up the improvement of microspore culture technique, and also improves the efficiency of new variety breeding of broccoli.Fertilization is an important factor affecting the quality of broccoli. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are important nutrition elements for the growth and development of broccoli. They are particularly important for broccoli quality. Improper fertilization technology will reduce the quality of broccoli. Study on the effect of different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization treatment on quality of broccoli has very important significance for improving the quality of broccoli, and also providing the theory basis for reasonable application of NPK in broccoli.1. Pollen from21different varieties was cultured. The relationship between microspore developmental stages and bud size was determined. To study the effects of genotype and the concentration of activated carbon on microspore embryogenesis. The results are as follows:When the length of flower buds was3.00-3.49mm, the number of late-uninucleate microspores accounted for the highest proportion. It shows that there is a certain relationship between flower buds length and microspore developmental stages. Of21different materials, only3materials got embryoid. This suggests that genotype is a key factor to affect the ability of microspore embryogenesis of broccoli. When the concentration of activated carbon was0.1mg/mL, LQ-3and LQ-16produced the highest embryo yield. The LQ-28produced the highest embryo yield, without the addition of activated carbon. The effect of activated carbon on microspore embryogenesis could be different due to different genotypes.2. Using3varieties as tested materials. To study the effect of different fertilization treatments on the content of the nitrate, chlorophyll, soluble sugar, soluble protein, organic acid and glucosinolates in broccoli curd. The results are as follows:The content of chlorophyll, soluble protein and glucosinolates of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization treatment was the highest, nitrate content was the lowest. The results showed that reasonable NPK fertilization improved the quality of broccoli. The content of soluble sugar and organic acid of each variety has different response to different fertilization treatment. The content of chlorophyll, soluble protein and organic acid of flower buds was higher than the flower stems. Soluble protein content of flower buds was about two times the stems. Soluble sugar and glucosinolates content of flower stems were higher than the flower buds.