| Mediterranean buffalo native to Italy, which is the world’s best dairy buffalo breeds. Our country introduction45Mediterranean buffalo female calves from Australia in2012, after nearly two years of acclimatization, which found that the variety has good adaptability.This study aimed to investigate45Mediterranean milk Buffaloes behavior under different climatic factors, the physiological state of the Buffalo in the thermal environment summer and whether swimming alleviate symptoms of summer discomfort, further development of the Mediterranean buffalo thoroughbred breeding and feeding management solutions provide a scientific basis.The results are as follows:1. Effect of different seasons on the Mediterranean buffalo behavior.The first mouth feeding start timing to stop eating when evaluation of feeding behavior, feeding rate and the recovery was found between the feeding time of each group have no significant difference (P>0.05); ruminant behavior each cud food number, each food chewing number and each food chewing time there was no significant difference between each group (P>0.05), but the number of ruminant summer group (0.8±0.1) and spring group (2.3±0.1) autumn group (1.8±0.1) and winter group (2.1±0.1) were significantly different (P<0.05), each ruminant duration time autumn group and the other groups were not significant but summer group (25.4±4.3) than in spring autumn (42.2±4.3) and winter group (40.6±3.5) had significant difference (P<0.05); lying time summer group (236.8±27.23) higher than other seasons significantly (P<0.05), summer group standing/walking time (125.3±22.17) was significantly lower than other seasons (P<0.05); in drinking behavior in spring group and the other groups were not significantly different but the summer group drinking times (6.32±1.64) was significantly higher than that in autumn group (3.62±0.95) and winter group (3.52±1.43), summer group urination number (7.15±1.58) than in spring group (5.03±1.32) were significantly (P<0.05) but autumn winter group and spring summer group had no significant difference, summer group defecation number (5.33±1.85) than in spring group (2.68±0.64) significant differences (P<0.05), but not significant in autumn winter group and spring summer group; the buffalo proportion of summer in water (71.8±8.25) higher than other seasons significantly (P<0.05), spring (11.28±1.32) and autumn (21.32±2.68) was significantly higher than that in winter (2.05±0.02)(P<0.05), buffalo in water time summer group (28.64±14.54) higher than other group significantly (P<0.05), spring (1.19±1.34) and autumn (2.67±1.95) was significantly higher than that in winter (0.23±0.03)(P<0.05). The summer season group compared with the group and other dairy buffalo appeared difference lying, drinking water, water excretion and a series of actions, which may be due to the effect of high temperature and high humidity weather, may also be associated with seasonal forage factors.2. Mediterranean relations buffalo amount of cervical mucus, mucus pH and pull strands of mucus and its regular estrusFirst collection of cervical mucus, then determination of mucus between capacity and pH as well as the thumb and index finger rapid repetition off. Results showed that, the estrous behavior one day earlier, in late three, the time period observed frequencies of occurrence in the morning and night will be significantly higher than the noon (P<0.05). When buffalo estrus symptom is not apparent, vulva, almost no mucus outflow, mucus pH in6.4~7, and mucus did not pull thread can be identified as non estrus; when the milk buffalo estrus obvious vulvae department regularly outflow mucus and mucus in5~10mL, pH in7~7.5, mucus led3~7times of that for estrus; if milk buffalo estrus symptoms vulvae have mucus flowed and mucus in the mucus of10~15mL, pH in more than7.5, slight wisp of more than7times can be identified as metestrus.3. Summer heat environment and water buffalo physiological conditions after rectal temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate effects.The Mediterranean buffalo milk is very sensitive to the hot weather, in summer group and autumn group data showed no significant differences between Buffalo body temperature and heart rate (P>0.05), but the buffalo respiratory frequency summer group (43.87±3.36) than in autumn group (29.75±2.32) were significantly different (P<0.05). The change of the Mediterranean buffalo in the summer after swimming water heat stress symptoms and physiological indexes. The results show that:Buffalo after swimming on body temperature and heart rate had no effect (P>0.05), but no water group of respiratory frequency (43.87±3.36) is after the water (32.51±2.78) P0.05), the difference was significantly decreased in summer water eased some of the heat stress and discomfort symptoms.The results above show that the Mediterranean buffalo can adapt to climate in Hubei, especially in the summer, a variety of behavioral and physiological conditions which have tended to be normal, there was no strong thermal stress response, but in the summer cooling can ease handling their respiratory rate and other symptoms caused by breathing. |
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