The Genetic Variation Of F1in Malus Sieversii F. Neidzwetzkyana And QTL Analysis

Malus sieversii f. neidzwetzkyana is seemed as an important partent in apple breedingbecause of high content of functional substance and provide probability for apple charactersQTL orientation because of the difference to domesticational breeds. The19fruit qualityitems were measured with the F1crossing progenies of Malus sieversii f. neidzwetzkyana.QTLs of14fruit characters were analyzed with the software of winQTLcart2.5in the base ofgenetic map. The results are as follows:⑴Most characters of Fuji×Malus sieversii f. neidzwetzkyana are widely variation andmost coefficients of variation(CV) are larger than10%except for water content in flesh whichmeans that this crossing has the huge potential for further selection⑵The first age of fruit and the longth of juvenile phase of every group are clearlydifferent, the rates of flowering of5groups with Malus sieversii f. neidzwetzkyana were allmore than15%in the third year and the juvenile phases were only2-4years but the group ofGolden Delicious×Hanfu was only8.0%in the4th year. And the juvenile phase was3-5years. Malus sieversii f. neidzwetzkyana is with the feature of early result indeedly. The5groups of Malus sieversii f. neidzwetzkyana all existed red-soft, red-brittle, whlite-soft andwhlite-brittle individuals and the proportions were not agree with mendel’s law. Every part ofindividuals expressed stablely. The gene lacis of Malus sieversii f. neidzwetzkyana inred/whlite and soft/brittle were heterozygous,red and soft is dominant to whlite and brittle.⑶The broad-sense heritabilities of total phenols in peel and flesh, acid,anthocyanin andFe are more than85%,these characters are with powerful hereditary ability; The broad-senseheritabilities of Vc, Ca and K were less than40%, these characters are with weak hereditaryability.⑷One QTL of fruit weight was found in chromosome6and it’s a major QTL;TwoQTLs for fruit wideness were found in chromosome6and17; Two QTLs for flesh hardnesswere found in chromosome9and10; Two QTLs for pericarp brittleness were found inchromosome3and10; One QTL for dissoluble suger was found in chromosome2; TwoQTLs for SSC were found in chromosome1and7;There are two QTLs about fruit acid inchromosome1and one in chromosome6and7respectively；Two QTLs for peel-pheolswere found in chromosome5and14，one in chromosome14is the major QTL; One QTLfor flesh-pheols was found in chromosome5；There were two QTLs about fruit Vc in chromosome5and one in chromosome10respectively；Two QTLs for Ca were found inchromosome6and10and the later one is major QTL；Two QTLs for K were found inchromosome5and9； There are one QTL about Mg in chromosome2、5、6、11respectively and the ones in chromosome5and11are major QTLs；There are two QTLsabout flesh water content in chromosome5and one in chromosome7、7、15respectively.All of the major QTLs are the key to MAS and improment for characters.⑸The results of QTLs analysis and traits correlation are of a certain degree ofconsistent, the QTLs which control different characters lie in a pile in chromosomes andmany QTLs of related characters are in the same or near areas. But not all the QTLs of relatedcharacters are approach.