Community Characteristics Of Soil Animal Under Different Land-use Types Of Urbanization Gradient

Soil animal is sensitive to the changing of land-use types and environmental quality as well as another series of influence, it is able to response them. In order to understand the influence of urbanization and land-use change on soil animal community, soil animal as the indicator of the environment. This paper have selected3typical land-use types and6sample plots as the targets along with the urbanization gradient at Wen Jiang, in Cheng Du region, in October,2012. And this paper had measured level of urbanization in the6sample plots by a formula. The levels in the6plots was C1(75.5%), C2(75.5%), A1(23.5%), A2(12.9%), T1(8.1%), T2(7.8%). The percentages mean the proportion of construction area where the plot was.A Total of766individuals of soil animal were collected,belonging to43groups. The dominant orders were Oribatida, Prostimata, Onychiuridae Borner, occupying66.4%of the density of the total individuals collected. There were33rare orders, they were76.7%of all groups, but occupying6.9of the density of the total individuals collected.Both the group composition and the density of the individuals of the soil animal differed in6plots. The order of density of the individuals in6plots(unit:ind/cm2):C2(14.71)>T1(6.35)>A1(4.45)>C1(3.73)>T2(2.0)>A2(1.37); The order of group number in6plots:A1(24)>T2(20)>A2(19)=T1(19)>C1(17)> C2(15). Except A1,A2and T1, vertical distribution of soil animal had obvious surface assembly at rest of the plots. The diversity of communities in6plots were displayed well by index of community, especially the complexity index of community was best suited to express the difference among plots. In particular the biggest difference of diversity of community displayed at the two plots:A1,A2of agricultural land, it means effect of human on the soil animal communities has two sides, what human does accord with ecological law makes soil animal communities better, otherwise it is worse.Over all, the changes of soil animal communities among different land-use types and6plots had some correlation with the levels of urbanization. Especially,at0-5cm soil layer the number of soil animal groups has an obvious Pearson correlation with levels of urbanization. It means effect of urbanization on soil animal communities focuses on soil animal groups at the surface of soil. Number of soil animal groups is the key of diversity of soil animal community, and the diversity of soil animal community is the security of soil ecosystem, as well as it is one of keys on realizing the sustainable and available land resources. So the diversity of soil animal needs be protected by us with urbanization.Besides, the paper discovered that soil moisture content, soil organic matter content, soil total N content were the key factors to cause the difference of soil animal communities among different land-use types and6plots. The soil animals sensitive to soil environmental changes were Liphistiidae(related to Zn, Porosity, Density), Pomatiopsidae (Soil moisture content, soil total N content), Polydesmidae daday (Soil moisture content, Soil total N content), Scutigerellidae (Soil total K content).