| Rabbit coccidiosis is one of the most common disease in rabbit and is alsothe most serious parasitic disease. It mainly cased by Eimeria that parasitic inthe intestinal tract and the bile duct epithelial cells. The coccidium can bedivided into three stages: crack propagation, gamete fertility andreproduction. There are dozens of Eimeria species are reported all over theworld that can parasitize in the rabbit. Now that are recognized are11species: E. stiedai, E. magna, E. irresidua, E. flavescens, E. piriformis, E.intestinalis, E. exigua, E. perforans, E. vejdovskyi, E. coecicola and E. media.China is the largest rabbit-producing country in the world. According tothe Food and Agricultural Organization’s reports, China’s production of rabbitmeat is about700000tons. Shandong is a big rabbit-producing province ofChina， it has an important economic status in the whole country. The rabbitcoccidiosis diseases, as one of the four main diseases endangering rabbitbreeding, with high morbidity and mortality, cause great economic losses torabbit breeding every year. In addition, a lot of coccidiosis resistant drugs wereused has also caused the enormous indirect losses and drug residues in therabbit products. The epidemiological situation of rabbit coccidiosis inShandong province at present lacks of some first-hand information, and bringhuge difficulties to the rabbit coccidiosis prevention and control. The result ofthis study can fill the blank of rabbit coccidiosis epidemiological data.This experiment is carried out in winter that is not the rabbit coccidiosisdisease outbreak season.We take samples in five representative and morerabbit number areas of Shandong include north (Binzhou), south (Linyi), west(Heze), east (Weifang), and middle (Tai’an). We take843fresh feces samplesof different rabbit species and ages in scale farms and free-range at eachregion, and then collect oocysts from the samples. Concentrated oocysts in each sample were identified based on their sizes and morphologicalcharacteristics (shape, colour, form index, presence or absence of themicropyle and its cap, presence or absence of residual, polar and stiedabodies) of the oocysts and sporocysts. At last we identify the species bymolecular biology.The results show that11rabbit coccidiosis species exist in shandong province,and the dominant species are E.stiedai and E. Intestinalis. This experimentproved that even if the winter that is not suitable for rabbit coccidiosis, theinfection situation remains serious.The overall infection rate is35.59%(300/843),but the infection rate and the infected species in different regions existsignificant differences. In addition, different feeding ways, different agesrabbit and bread also had an effect on rabbit coccidiosis infection. |
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