Study On Morphology And Genetics Of Sillago Sinica

Sillago sinica, belongs to Perciforms, Sillaginidae, is a new discovered species,which distributed in coast of Dongying、Qingdao and Wenzhou in China. In additionto the new species report, there is no research published on it. In this paper, themorphological characteristics of the traditional morphology, otolith morphology andmitochondrial DNA molecular markers of S. sinica groups, were studied.Morphological differences among three S. sinica populations were analyzed bythe multivariation analysis and traditional morphological analysis based onconventional morphological data and framework measuring data. The results showedthat there was no significant difference in meristic counts among three populations.Otolith morphological parameters obtained by Shape index method and Fouriermethod were analysed respectively among three populations of S.sinica. The resultindicates that the Otolith morphological differences of Wenzhou group are moresignificant than other two populations. Dongying and Qingdao groups are mixed andcan not form a group correspond with geographic branch.In control region analysis, a total of55samples were collected from threelocations and17haplotypes were obtained. The population statistic FSTfrom0.1559to0.3710, showing a higher degree of genetic differentiation between Dongying andQingdao groups, AMOVA analysis showed that most of the molecular variation withingroups, smaller among groups, but the statistical test is significant, which showedthere have some genetic differentiation between the three geographical populations.Pairwise groups Fst and AMOVA analysis of Cyt b sequence show that, geneticpolymorphism of Wenzhou group was more significant, while Dongying and Qingdaogroups show low genetic diversity. Haplotype phylogenetic tree and haplotypenetwork diagram results did not show significant genetic differences between groupsand there was no significant system geography. Difference between Dongying groups in different years was compared based onotolith morphological characteristic and mitochondrial DNA markers. In otolith,Shape Index analysis and Fourier analysis method were used to analyzemorphological difference. The result shows that there was no significant differencebetween two groups of Dongying. In genetics, the average genetic distance betweenthe two groups was calculated based on K-2P model. The exact P test and Fst valuesshowed genetic differentiation between two groups was not significant. Sequencedivergence studies showed that the control region sequences in Dongying group yearswas basically the same, the composition, genetic diversity and nucleotide diversity ata low level. All the results indicated that genetic diversity was similar between thetwo groups and there was no significant difference.Otolith morphology and genetics have shown that there is a certain degree ofgenetic differentiation between the groups, and the Wenzhou group has moresignificant genetic differences and there were relatively small differences between thegroups of Dongying and Qingdao. This study provide a valuable reference for furtherresearch of the genetic diversity of S.sinica, and provide a theoretical basis for the useof resources and the protection and management of S.sinica.