The Effect Of Sodium Chloride And Sodium Bicarbonate On Growth, Food Conversion And Histological Features In Juvenile Barbus Capito

Barbus capito belongs to Cyprinidae, Barbinae and Barbodes, and isone of the breeding river migratory fish. It is a species of euryhaline fish,which has excellent characteristics, such as saline-alkaline resistance,broad diets, fast growth, fresh meat, strong adaptability and the like.It is akind of valuable local economic fish, which is mainly located in theUzbekistan. In order to expandthe fishery resources in the northeast ofChina, We imported Barbus capitofrom Uzbekistan. At present, wecompleted the artificial propagation and pound breeding of Barbus capito.This study simulated sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride and thesynergistic effect on the growth, food intake and histological features ofjuvenile Barbus capito, and we obtained some results with significantdifferences. The details and the results as follows:1. The effect of sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride on the growthand food intake of the juvenile fish(1) The effect of various concentrationsofsodium chlorideon growthand food intake of juvenilewere investigated by rearing fish at a temperature of (22～25)℃, and we explored the optimal condition of thegrowth of the fish. In the sodium chloride experiment, in which the valueswere0(control group),2.0,4.0,6.1,7.8,10.0and11.9. The resultshowed when the concentration of sodium chloridewere up to6.1thebody length, the body weight and the specific growth rate (SGR) of thejuvenile were significantly lower from other groups (P＜0.05),respectively, the maximal final body weight was reached at2.0, thegreatest SGR and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) were reached at4.0,and the smallest at11.9, according to theoretical calculation the optimalconcentration of sodium chloride for growth to be1.88, the dangerousconcentration was at7.8.(2) The effect of various concentrationsofsodium bicarbonate wereinvestigated, in which the values were0(control group),10.00mmol/L,15.83mmol/L,25.10mmol/L,39.80mmol/L and63.12mmol/L, when theconcentration were up to25.10mmol/L, the body weight, the feedconversion efficiency (FCE) and the total food intake (C) of the juvenilewere significantly lower from other groups (P＜0.05), respectively, thehighest value of the final body weight, the special growth rate (SGR), andthe FCE were reached at alkalinity15.83mmol/L, the smallest one wasreached at the concentration of sodium bicarbonate of63.12mmol/L.Overall, we found the dangerous concentration was at39.80mmol/L,according to theoretical calculation the optimal alkalinity for growth to be 20.57mmol/L.2. Interactive effect of sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloridethe ongrowth and food intake of the juvenile fishThe objective is to study the fully interactive effect from thedifferent concentrations of sodium chloride (2.0,6.0,10.0, and12.0) andsodium bicarbonate (10.00mmol/L,15.85mmol/L,25.12mmol/L, and39.81mmol/L) on the growth, food intake of juvenile Barbus capito atwater temperature22to25℃. The results showed that the synergy effectof sodium bicarbonate and sodium chioride inhibited the juvenile fish’sgrowth; their48h survival at sodium chloride concentration of11.9andsodium bicarbonate concentration of14.68mmol/L were0%; there was apeak in the final weight, average daily weight gain, and specific growthrate (SGR) at2.0and15.66mmol/L; there was negative growth at6.1and39.30mmol/L; in the range of concentrations of (0.6~2.0) and(0.39~15.66)mmol/L, the juvenile’s total food intake (C) and thecondition factor (CF) increased with the interactive concentration, but inthe event of this range being exceeded, the two parameters weresignificantly lowered (p＜0.05). Under the same concentration of sodiumbicarbonate, the food conversion efficiency (FCE) was significantlyhigher in the2.0sodium chloride group than the6.0and10.0group (p＜0.05). Under the same concentration of sodium chloride, the juvenilefish’s finial body weight, final body length, SGR, average daily weight gain, total food intake, CF and FCE would have a small change, when theconcentration of sodium bicarbonate increased; under the sameconcentration of sodium bicarbonate, these parameters would have asignificant decline (p＜0.05). The study showed that, when comparedwith sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride had more pronounced impacton the juvenile.3、The effect of sodium bicarbonate, sodium chlorideand the interactiveofthem on thehistological features in the juvenile(1) The effect of sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride on thegill’s histological feature in the juvenileBy observing the microscopic structure of gills issue, the resultshowed that gill lamella were vertical distribution on both sides of the gillfilament, and the cells were structural integrity. The epithelial cellspresented structural integrity, the mucous cells were less than othergroups, the chloride cells were normal of the control group. But, thechloride cells presentedhypertrophy,epithelial cells presented hypertrophyand edema with the concentration of sodium bicarbonate and sodiumchloride increased. Maybe there had energy consumption, led to theenergy used on the growth were reduced, therefore affecting the growthof the fish.(2) Interactive effect of sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride onthe kidney’s histological feature in the juvenile Microstructure observations led to the following findings:Glomerular volume declined in the event of the rise in the concentrationof sodium bicarbonate; capillaries reduced and degraded; partial renaltubular epithelial cells were in necrosis and shedding into the lumenresulting in obstruction; partial renal tubules disintegrated and cracked;renal tissues were subject to local hemorrhage and necrosis. Withobservational results of the growth, nutritional and histological indicators,the conclusion is that the interactive concentrations of sodium chlorideand sodium bicarbonate of less than2.0‰and25.38mmol/L, respectively,are appropriate for the growth of juvenile Barbus capito.