| The research and application of anti-transpirant is one of the most important measures to relieve water scarcity.In this paper, epoxy-based anti-transpirant (EP) was synthesized by hydrogenated bisphenol A, epichlorohydrin and fatty alcohols. The spreading performance, evaporation resistance, retardation rate and surface pressure of anti-transpirant were tested, the effect of temperature and surface wave on the monolayers included as well. The results showed that the retardation rate of EP system was higher than cetyl alcohol with concentration72.0×10-2g/m2at30℃. Furthermore, the retardation rate of EP-5and EP-10stayed highest; EP-3and EP-6decreased least by time indicating good ability in anti-environmental interference. AFM images demonstrated that the monolayers of EP system were more cohesion with fewer defects.In addition, polyurethane anti-transpirant (PU) was synthesized by toluene diisocya--nate (TDI) and fatty alcohols. The results showed that the retardation rate of PU-11and PU-9exhibited best; PU-14and PU-7could still play a positive role in inhibiting water evaporation after240h and the PU system performed well in interfering surface wave. AFM images illustrated that PU system exhibited compact structure with fewer defects, and had a better effect of retarding water evaporation in comparison with cetyl alcohol.Above all, monolayers of soil evaporation retardant were prepared in this paper. The validity of the retardant and impacts on the gradient of soil temperature, soil moisture, soil conductivity and wheat growth situation was also researched. The results showed that the retardant could serve more than10days and improve the temperature of soil layer at the largest level of3℃between0and20cm. Meanwhile, it could maintain soil moisture to some extent. Increasing soil temperature could accelerate the respiration of wheat root, promote the absorption of inorganic salts, and reduce soil electrical conductivity. |
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