Research Of Gerbera Jamessonii Pigment And Application In Pressed Flower Protecting

This article for common cut flower of African chrysanthemum as experimental material, through the determination color for yellow and red,two kinds of African chrysanthemum main pigment composition, physical and chemical properties, molecular structure and the pigment molecules targeted for the introduction of group or grab replacement reaction, complexation reaction, make the petals in the structure of the pigment molecules become stable, in order to keep the colors do not fade.In the African chrysanthemum, on the basis of single factor experiment, through the orthogonal experiment the best extraction technology of African chrysanthemum pigment. Of African chrysanthemum red pigment extraction solution as the extraction agent concentration was70%, the extraction temperature50℃, the extracting time50min, than1:40of material; Through variance analysis it can be seen that a single factor effect to material ratio> extraction time> extraction temperature> extracting agent concentration. African chrysanthemum yellow pigment extraction solution as the extraction agent concentration was90%, the extraction temperature50℃, the extracting time40min, than1:40of material; Through variance analysis it can be seen that a single factor effect of extractant concentration ratio> extraction time> extraction temperature> material. Identify the components of pigment is:through the chemical identification method, spectroscopic method, chromatography for two kinds of African chrysanthemum pigment preliminary identification of the main components. Anthocyanins-among them by color reaction, thin-layer chromatography and ultraviolet-visible spectrum and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-mass spectrometry instrument infer African chrysanthemum red pigment for peony pigment-3-5carbon glycoside; Through the carotenoids-chromogenic reaction, column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography and ultraviolet-visible spectrum and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) concluded that African chrysanthemum yellow pigment ingredients for lutein analogues.Temperature on the influence of African chrysanthemum red pigment is significant; The yellow pigment has better thermal stability to temperature. The sunlight and ultraviolet light has little effect on the stability of African chrysanthemum yellow pigment, the African chrysanthemum red pigment is sensitive to light. African chrysanthemum red pigment in acidic to neutral condition is relatively stable, color pigment in alkali solution to violet; And yellow pigment under the condition of weak acid, weak alkali stability is better, the pH is smaller, the color the more light, the greater the pH, the deeper the color. Oxidant and reductive can make pigment degradation, color changes, and precipitation. Selected in the experiment of sugar can effectively delay the African chrysanthemum pigment preserving rate decline; And some organic acids for two kinds of African chrysanthemum also confirmed the color of the pigment solution effect is better. Preservatives and antioxidants eliminate the disadvantageous factors of the accelerated degradation of pigment, to a certain extent to protect the stability of African chrysanthemum pigment; African chrysanthemum yellow pigment are greatly influenced by metal ions, so complexing agent can change the nature of the ions so as to reduce the influence of ion on the pigment, make the preserving rate of African chrysanthemum red pigment lower. Fe2+, Pb2+and Al3+ions to the color of red gerbera has protective effect; Al3+can increase the absorbance value of pigment, at the same time can make the solution remains bright yellow color.10%sucrose+5%tartaric acid+Al3++benzoic acid+TBHQ,African chrysanthemum red petals soaking with the above solution.5%maltose+5%citric acid, EDTA+benzoic acid+TBHQ, African chrysanthemum yellow petals soaking with the above solution,petals in the process of dry pressing can keep fresh condition basic colors, the180d damage experiment, the petal color also basically remain unchanged.