The Study On Yield Trait And Color Inheritance Of Colored-grain Wheat

Improvement of living standards requires more nutrition of food. Biofortificationbreeding can improve the content of bioavailable nutrients existed in crops safely andeffectively. Colored-grain wheat is rich in nutrient and meanwhile is an important researchdirection in biofortification breeding. The purposes are breeding high quality, high yield,stress tolerance and pest-resistant colored-grain wheat.In this study, we select four combinations by outcrossing new lines of colored-grainwheat and research the yield traits and grain color segregation law, study the dominant andrecessive relationship of genes controlled various colored-grain wheat in the same line.Combination1and2are hybridized by blue colored-grain wheat with purple colored-grainwheat, combination3and combination4are respectively hybridized by blue colored-grainwheat and purple colored-grain wheat with white colored-grain wheat.In F2generation, we select the plant with excellent yield traits and positive heterosiseasily in combination1. Heritability of thousand kernel weight, biological yield per plant andyiele per plant in four combinations are all high, early offspring is stable, selection in earlygeneration is better. Heritability of spike and spikelet number in combination2, spike numberin combination3, spike length and spike grain number in combination4are low, we shouldselect indirectly according to related higher heritability traits and improvement the selectioneffect.In four combinations, biological yield, spike number, grains per spike, spike length andspikelets number are significantly positively related to yield per plant. We should select stronghaulm, many tillers, long spike, and more kernels per spike. This is consistent with actualbreeding.In four combinations, grain color types of individual plant not only include one and twocolored-grain plant, but also include three and four colored-grain plant. Grain color types ofindividual spike not only include one colored-grain spikes, but also include two and threecolored-grain spikes.Two types of colored-grains in the same spike exists two pairs of gene interaction effect,a pair of gene effect and three pairs of gene interaction effects. The effects of gene interactioncontain inhibiting effect, complementary effect, and duplicate effect.Purple colored-grain wheat follows maternal inheritance pattern and blue colored-grain wheat expression xenia, so we consider the F2generation of purple-grained wheat andblue-grained wheat exits complex gene effect model such as gene interaction and dosageeffect.The relationship between colored-grains is that red colored-grain is dominant to purplecolored-grain. Red colored-grain and purple colored-grain are dominant to blue colored-grain.White colored-grain is recessive to other colored-grains.As an effective means to solve the hidden hunger, the colored-grain wheat has a brightfuture, our research provide rich resources for high-quality and stable colored-grain wheatbreeding, and has an important guiding significance.We want to enhance the research ofcolored-grain wheat, increase investment to do the study in physiology, cellular and molecular,so that the colored-grain wheat would play an important role in the protection of humanhealth as soon as possible.