Bacterial Diversity In The Gut Of Cicadella Viridis In Different Habitat

The folium cicada(Cicadella viridis), also known as leafhoppers, is one of the pests which are the most and widest range damaging in the world. The length of its body is about7-11mm. It is a kind of important pests of agriculture and horticulture. It also is the important transmission vectors of plant pathogens. In summary, controlling the damage of the folium cicada is one of the most important measures to harvest of agriculture and forestry. Diversity research of the intestinal bacterial community of Cicadella viridis in different habitat can explore the impact of intestinal bacteria on the physiological function and ecological significance of Cicadella viridis, and understand evolution between Cicadella viridis and its symbiotic bacteria, and also provide new knowledge for special co-evolution ways of them. Finally, utilization of these bacteria could be a new potential way for control of the pest and reducing the damage caused by it.Nanjing in Jiangsu province and Yongkang in Zhejiang province are two difference places, not only in geographical position but also in ecology and climate. In this study, the bacterial diversity in the intestine of Cicadella viridis from Nanjing and Yongkang, which were in different habitat (such as different season, different host, and different environment), were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) of amplification16S rRNA gene sequences. In addition, the specific primers of phytoplasma, spiroplasma and wolbachia for amplifying their gene were used for detecting their existence in Cicadella viridis respectively. The results were as follows:More than19different DGGE profiles of bacterial clones were obtained from the intestine of Cicadella viridis samples which collected from Nanjing and Yongkang in May from Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. Among them, more than14different DGGE profiles of bacterial clones were obtained from the insect samples in Yongkang, and over11different DGGE profiles of bacterial clones were obtained from the samples in Nanjing, the similarity of the bacteria in intestine of Cicadella viridis from two different locations is about1/3. Selecting12bands which are the clearest in the total DGGE profiles to sequence and phylogenetic analyze, four major classes of bacteria were observed. These bacteria belong to Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteo-bacteria, Gammaproteobacteria and Bacilli respectively. Gammaproteobacteria is the preponderant bacterium flore in the samples of Nanjing, while in the samples of Yongkang, the preponderant bacterium belongs to Bacilli.Analyzing the bacterial diversity in intestine of Cicadella viridis from different hosts in May from Yongkang, more than20different DGGE profiles of bacterial clones were obtained. Selecting12bands which are the clearest in the total DGGE bands to sequence and phylogenetic analyze, four major classes of bacteria were observed. These bacteria belong to Flavobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria and an unknown class respectively. In this study, we found the different habitat is the important factor to impact on the gut microflora in Cicadella viridis, and there is little effect of different host in the same habitat on the intestinal microflora of Cicadella viridis.For analyzing the bacterial diversity in intestine of Cicadella viridis from Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv in different seasons in nature from Yongkang, we found the preponderant bacteria belong to Bacilli in May, and Flavobacteria is the preponderant bacteria in August.The specific primers of phytoplasma, spiroplasma and wolbachia for amplifying their gene were used respectively for detecting their existence in Cicadella viridis which were collected around the jujube trees suffered from jujube witches broom. As the result, only phytoplasma was detected in the Cicadella viridis.The insect gut is the most suitable environment for bacterial growth. There are a lot of bacteria in the insect gut, and these bacteria are necessary for the growth of insect. In this study, the bacterial diversity in the intestine of Cicadella viridis in different habitat (such as different season, different host, and different environment) were analyzed by PCR-DGGE, and there were Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacilli, Flavobacteria and an unknown class in the Cicadella viridis. We found the different habitat is the important factor to impact on the gut microflora in Cicadella viridis.