Classification Of Fusarium Species Isolated From Rot Ears Of Corn And Head Scab Seeds Of Wheat

Corn and wheat are the major growing crops together with rice in China, they are of evident importance in the national economy and daily life of human beings. However, because of many factors, lots of fungal pathogens always cause serious infection to the growth of corn and wheat, which impose a great threat to the production and quality. The contaminated grains also result in health problem, or even becom lethal to animals or human beings. So it is necessary to conduct systematic classification and investigation of these pathogens. It will also set up a solid base for plant disease control.The genus Fusarium is one of the most important pathogens on cereals, many species of the genus can produce various mycotoxins. In the paper, the author conducted the classification of Fusarium species isolated from the rot ears of corn and the head scabbed seeds of wheat. It is intended to understand the Fusarium species and predomiant Fusarium species in corn rot ears and head scabbed seeds of wheat, it will contribute to the fungal disease control.From September2009to October2010,90maize samples and40wheat samples were collected from21cities or counties in Notheastern China, including Jinzhou, Zhuanghe, Wafangdian, Pulandian, Shenyang, Tieling, Huanren, Benxi, Qingyuan, Qinghe of Liaoning province, Tonghua, Gongzhuling, fusong, Jian, of Jilin procince, and Haerbing, Wuchang, Daqing, Mudanjiang, Fujin, Jiamusi, Mishan of Heilongjiang province. The author took use of monist-keeping method and PDA culture method to isolate the fungi, At last650fungal isolates were obtained. According to morphological observation,13Fusarium species were identified, including Fusarium semitectum, F. oxysporum, F. verticillioides, F. crookwellense, F. solani, F.equiseti, F. camptoceras, F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. subglutinans, F. acuminatum, F. avenaeum. and F. bullatum. In the maize samples, F. graminearum was found to be the highest in isolating frequency, and it is also widespread in all wheat samples. Acladium tenellum was found in parts of maize samples. It may be associates with the some diseases in the investigated areas.