Application Study On The Effect Of Nanometer Synergistic Urea On Rice And Cabbage

According to the agricultural production of nitrogen fertilizer and the problem of low utilization rate, used rice and cabbage as test crops to study the application effect of urea coated with nano-bentonit and urea mixed with nano-carbon, nano-hydroquinone and nano-tea polyphenols. Nano-bentonite added respectively10%,15%and20%, carbon adding ratio of0.3%, adding nano-hydroquinone ratio of0.4%and1.2%, nano-tea polyphenol added ratios of2%and4%, at the same time set four reduction of nitrogen levels:0%,10%,20%and30%. Four experiments were conducted:soil culture experiment of early rice、field experiment of late and early rice、cabbage of soil culture experiment. The results are as follows:1. Compared with application of conventional urea, the effect of Nano-Bentonite coated urea on grain yield was different, which was influenced by different soil fertility or the culture method. Treatments used nano-bentonite coated urea had obvious yield-increasing effect in late rice field experiment and early rice pot experiment whose soil with lower available nitrogen content, field experiment in late rice applicated10%nano-bentonite coated urea and early rice pot experiment with20%nano-bentonite coated urea had the best effect, soil base solutions of higher nitrogen content of early rice field trials, grain yield decreased in the treatments that using nano-bentonite coated urea while reducing nitrogen0%and20%, but reducing nitrogen30%, the rice grain yield increased, the main reason is that nano-bentonite coated fertilizer have slow release effect, causing rice nitrogen supply too much in the late growing period of rice and the harvest index decreased. Compared with application of conventional urea, the effect of adding0.3%nano-carbon urea on grain yield are different with different nitrogen application amount. No reduction of nitrogen treatment, the grain yield was improved, early rice soil culture experiment of reducing nitrogen10%treatment also increased, late rice field experiment of reducing nitrogen20%and30%, the yield is reduced somewhat, but the difference was not significant.2. The physiological indexes results show that:with the use of conventional urea in early rice field experiment, application of nano-bentonite coated urea can make rice maintain higher root vigor, the above phenomenon is more obvious at tillering stage and in condition that nitrogen reduction of20%. The different treatment between leaf SPAD values differences were small, the processing SPAD values of early rice soil culture experiment using nano-bentonite were higher than those of conventional urea treatments; the late rice field test, application of nano-bentonite coated urea, nitrogen reduction of20%and30%, the value of SPAD did not reduce but some treatments contraryly increased (relative to the weight of the conventional urea treatment); nitrogen reduction in condition20%, adding nano-carbon processing field of rice leaf SPAD values are slightly higher than the total amount of conventional urea treatment. Nano-Bentonite coated urea on rice field of soluble sugar and free amino acid assay results showed:nano-bentonite coated fertilizer in the grain filling stage of soluble sugar content and the tillering and heading date in free amino acid content and the total amount is higher than that of conventional urea treatment, to show the first nitrogen metabolic advantage, late dominant characteristics of carbon metabolism.3. Compared with application of conventional urea, nano-bentonite coated urea can improve rice nitrogen absorption and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer,the improving effects on nitrogen utilization rate are very obvious in early and late rice. In early rice field trials, the nitrogen utilization rate is between47.6%to63.6%in the treatment of applying nano-bentonite coated urea, significantly higher than that of ordinary bentonite coated urea (34%) and conventional urea (37.1%).Among them, treatment of reducing nitrogen20%and using nano-bentonite coated urea get the highest nitrogen utilization rate (63.6%). In late rice field trials, nano-bentonite coated urea treatment nitrogen utilization rate of49.2%～67.1%, higher than that of conventional urea treatment (46.4%), but the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate was slightly lower than the conventional urea treatment (43.7%) in treatment applying added nano-carbon. In the early rice soil cultivation, the addition of0.3%nano-carbon and20%nano-bentonite coated urea have the best effect on plant nitrogen accumulation, in which the grain nitrogen enhancement effect is better in the stems than leaves of rice; phosphorus accumulation with20%nano-bentonite coated urea treatment have the best enhancement effect, plant potassium accumulation in stems and leaves with the addition of0.3%nano-carbon urea and grain with applying20%nano-bentonite coated have the most obvious processing effect.4. Nano-bentonite coated urea can significantly improve the yield and fertilizer utilization rate of cabbage, but the effect was not well correlated while adding different ratio and reducing different nitrogen content, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer utilization rate can be aslo improved.The improvement effects is not obvious on cabbage quality, and the soluble sugar content increased but the content of vitamin C in different treatment had no obvious rules, even then the cabbage nitrate content is higher, nano-bentonite coated urea could improve the leaf chlorophyll content. Hydroquinone and tea polyphenol treatment has the same effect.