Research On Measuring Direction Technology-based MEMS Vector Hydrophone Array

Spatial signal source DOA estimation has become an important research direction of thesound field of water. Vector hydrophone has a unique advantage than conventional soundpressure hydrophone and it can get sound field sound pressure and velocity information thatprovides richer sound field information for the detection and estimation of underwateracoustic signal. MEMS vector hydrophone is independently researched by North Universityof China, which has the advantages of small size, light weight, low cost, and one-timeintegration and so on. With the increasingly mature and continuously improve theperformance of the production process, it will be widely used in the field of underwateracoustic. Therefore, it is an important significance for the research of the direction of themeasurement objectives to the use of MEMS vector hydrophone array. The main contents areas follows:Firstly, this paper introduces the bionic MEMS vector hydrophone works principle andtheoretical analyzes the directional of the hydrophone. The vector hydrophone has goodsensitivity and dipole directivity by experimental verification and made a brief introduction tothe direction of the measurement principles of hydrophones. It laid a theoretical foundationfor the subsequent experiments.Secondly, this paper introduces the principle of array signal processing, sensor arrayoutput model and common form of arrays and analyzes the MUSIC algorithm and ESPRITalgorithm performance on the target DOA Estimation and comparison through the computersimulation, shows that the performance of the MUSIC algorithm is more superior thanESPRIT algorithm, however, ESPRIT algorithm does not need to search spectral peak andcalculation amount is reduced a lot.Once again, the hydrophone array error is modeled and this paper analyzes the impact of MUSIC algorithm array error in theory. According to the impact of an array of errors, itfocuses on the simulation analysis the magnitude and phase errors that MUSIC algorithm hasan impact on DOA estimation. In order to reduce the impact of amplitude and phase errors,this paper studies the single secondary source and the auxiliary array source that twocorrection algorithm can achieve the amplitude and phase error correction.Finally, MEMS vector hydrophone consisting of a cross array achieved the goal ofdynamic tracking. Some of the test data were analyzed and processed on the experiment. Theresults show that MUSIC algorithm can achieve the azimuth angle of arrival estimation tovector hydrophone array and can track the moving target position very well.