Isolation And Evaluation Of Natural Product Antifoulants

Along with the increasing concern about environment from the international society and the deadline of the ban on the usage of organotin compounds as antifoulants being increasingly close, the efficient and environmentally friendly antifouling coating has become important to be developed. The development of the efficient and environmentally friendly antifouling coating is based on the researches of natural product antifoulants. In the present study, The main results were shown as followed.1. Through screening of antifouling activity, six natural product antifoulants were isolated by Codiaeum variegatum (Euphorbiaceae) and China South Sea marine sponge Axinellidae sp., namely5-Tetradecenoic acid,2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, solanesol, decaprenyl alcohol, undecaprenyl alcohol,2-Pyridinecarboxylic acid,4-hydroxy-, methyl ester,2-hydroxynephtenol.2-Pyridinecarboxylic acid,4-hydroxy-, methyl ester was first isolated from natural products. In addition to solanesol, other five compounds were found to have antifouling activity for the first time.2. By using three kinds of antifouling detection models, namely Mytilopsis sallei Reeluz antifouling detection model, Perna viridis antifouling detection model and Shewanella sp. antifouling detection model, components extracted from Codiaeum variegatum and China South Sea sponge Axinellidae sp. were to be tested and evaluated the antifouling activity.2.1Of four extracts from Codiaeum variegatum, Petroleum ether extract and Dichloromethane extract showed highest antifouling activity with the values of EC50respectively95.90ug/ml and16.30ug/ml in Mytilopsis sallei Reeluz antifouling detection model; with the values of EC50respectively83.00ug/ml and16.29ug/ml in Perna viridis antifouling detection model. In Shewanella sp. antifouling detection model, petroleum ether extract EC50was16.30ug/ml, dichloromethane extract EC50was not measured. The aqueous extract of three models was not found the antifouling activity.2.2Of three extracts from China South Sea sponge Axinellidae sp., Petroleum ether extract and dichloromethane extract showed antifouling activity with the values of EC50respectively16.05ug/ml and108.58ug/ml in Mytilopsis sallei Reeluz antifouling detection model; with the values of EC50respectively lower than5ug/ml and69.08ug/ml in Perna viridis antifouling detection model. The aqueous extract of three models was not found the antifouling activity.3. In the present study, three antifouling detection models were to test and evaluate the antifouling activity of natural compounds isolated and purified from Codiaeum variegatum and China South Sea sponge Axinellidae sp.3.15-Tetradecenoic acid,2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, solanesol, decaprenyl alcohol, undecaprenyl alcohol were isolated and purified from Codiaeum variegatum.5-Tetradecenoic acid,2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester showed no antifouling activity in Mytilopsis sallei Reeluz antifouling detection model; showed antifouling activity with the value of EC5040.12ug/ml in Perna viridis antifouling detection model; under50ug/ml concentrantions significantly inhibited fouling in Shewanella sp. antifouling detection model. Solanesol show no antifouling activity in Mytilopsis sallei Reeluz antifouling detection model; under50ug/ml concentrations significantly inhibited fouling in Shewanella sp. antifouling detection model, decaprenyl alcohol showed no antifouling activity in Mytilopsis sallei Reeluz antifouling detection model; under50ug/ml concentrations significantly inhibited fouling in Perna viridis antifouling detection model and Shewanella sp. antifouling detection model, undecaprenyl alcohol showed no antifouling activity in Mytilopsis sallei Reeluz antifouling detection model and Perna viridis antifouling detection model; show antifouling with the value of EC5013.19ug/ml. The mortality of four compounds was0.3.22-Pyridinecarboxylic acid,4-hydroxy-, methyl ester,2-hydroxynephtenol were isolated and purified from China South Sea sponge Axinellidae sp.2-Pyridinecarboxylic acid,4-hydroxy-, methyl ester showed antifouling activity with the values of EC5019.54ug/ml and15.78ug/ml in Mytilopsis sallei Reeluz antifouling detection model and Perna viridis antifouling detection model; showed no antifouling activity in Shewanella sp. antifouling detection model.2-hydroxynephtenol showed antifouling activity with the values of EC509.62ug/ml and7.49ug/ml, showed no antifouling activity in Shewanella sp. antifouling detection model. The mortalities of them were10%under50ug/ml concentrations in Perna viridis antifouling detection model.4. Preliminary analysis of the compound structure-activity relationships had been taken. MultiPolyprenols compounds show higher antifouling activity in Shewanella sp. antifouling detection model, suggesting that they may more effective against micro-fouling. The differences of antifouling activity in Perna viridis antifouling detection model recommended that the number of isoprene may affect antifouling activity.In summary, through the screening of antifouling activity, six natural product antifoulants were isolated and purified from Codiaeum variegatum and China South Sea sponge Axinellidae sp. These compounds may developed into safe environmentally friendly antifouling material.