Preparation Of Cationic Rice Husk Flocculant And Its Flocculating Characteristics

Rice is the by-product after rice manufacture processing, it is supposed to be agriculturalwaste to treat. But as the price of oil climbing, makes people shift vision to these cheapnatural resources. Rice husk mainly contain cellulose, lignin and polysaccharides. There are alot of activity groups. So cationic rice husk is prepared by introducing quaternary ammoniumgroup into the rice husk molecules in order to obtain products with good flocculationefficiency, One side, this can save the cost; other side, it can manage the environment ofwater, and reducing the pressure of environment. Turn rubbish into wealth! It can increaseconsumedly the profit.In this works, the rice husk was used in the experiments were measured by the means oftitration, the content of cellulose and lignin in it roughly29.4%and15.9%respectively. Andthen separately study from the alkalization concentration, alkalization temperature,pretreatment drug and leaching liquid, inspected effect of pretreatment stage on flocculationbehavior. Make sure the best conditions of pretreating for the80mesh rice: concentration ofNaOH5mol/L, alkalization temperature20℃for room temperature, this conditions canreach the best result.The rice husk power after pretreating extracted alkaline by ethanol instead of water, andreact with cationic etherificate octadecy trimethyl ammonium chloride (OTAC), by usingpotassium permanganate as an initiator. Reaction conditions were determined. syntheticreaction time3h; The reaction temperature50℃; Material ratio2:3; sulfuric acidconsistency1.8mmol/L; the initiator amount for3mmol/L; initiator time60s, water contentis80%; Had a thorough research for the influencing factors of flocculation properties testexperiments. A new synthetic material was synthesized modification of flocculant productionprocess.The flocculation of diatomite suspension with modified cationic rice husk derivativescontaining quaternary ammonium groups has been investigated. The cationic rice husk derivatives(quaternary ammonium rice husk ethers) exhibit excellent flocculation efficiencyfor diatomite suspension. And it is sure that when the dosage of flocculant for2g/L, pH ofdiatomite suspension for5, turbidity removal can reach87%. The experiments found that themodified cationic flocculant had a good flocculation effect to diatomite suspension and actuallife sewage. Turbidity removal of sewage of pond and waste water of the fish can to91.1%and86.4%respectively.At the end, the microstructure was analyzed by infrared spectrum. The method oforthogonal experiment for the conditions of that three reagent Fe2+/H2O2,(NH4)2S2O8,KMnO4/H+as initiator，was design to for synthesis of different flocculating agent, andkieldahl analyzer was used to measure the content of nitrogen. These can fully prove thatquaternary ammonium salt groups had already brought into the rice husk.