| As statistics indicate that among the crowded stampede accidents, more than90%of casualties were casued by non-adaptive behavior in evaluation process. Currently in demostic and foreign, the research on crowd behavior are mainly focus on behavior modeling and simulation. Relavent research achievements provide lots of theory reference for controlling of crowd collection risks. But nearly no theory and application model can simulate features of crowd accurately and they can not be used in the risk management of dense crowd. In order to impove the level of dense crowd risks management in public places and control crowd collection risks. There need to enrich theory research continuously and it’s imperative to develop research on crowd behavior intervention measures.This paper is from psychological, sociological, biological points of view and based on the fundanmentals of behavior science. It utilizes measures of statistics analysis, venue observation and paper research to analyze behavior features of crowd in situations of normal and emergency and systemic conclude the facters of external and internal associated with crowd behavior. Research indicated that, under normal situation, unconstrained individuals in crowd feel a strong aversion to taking detours or moving opposite to the desired walking direction. They can walk with desired speed and gait style. To avoid frequently body reciprocity, constrained individuals will take frequently collision avoidance behaviors and are apt to fallow the pedestrian ahead. There is more regularity in crowd behavior. It has some analogies with gases, fluids, and granular media. In addition, some self-organization behaviors can be observed such as phenomeons of lane formulation, oscillatory changes, roundabout traffic, stripe formulation and cluster. Under emergency situation, individual’s non-adaptive behavior increase the accident risk, panic psychnology increases the level of tension. Correspondingly there reflect the features of conformity behavior, competition hehavior, phototactic behavior and so on. The typical behaviors of panic crowd include arching in bottleneck, falling, overcrowding, stampede and so on. Through systemic analysis of crowd behavior features and related factors, research find out that the triggering of emergency state and crowded stampede accident are attributed to crowd comformity behavior, overcrowding and competition behaviors. To deal with these high-risk above this paper purpose some intervention mesures which can directly influence crowd behavior through venue management&design, crowd management, information assurance and safety education and have formed the management measures of crowd behavior intervention. Measures purposed by this paper provide a new thinking for crowd management of public place. Finally, this paper utilizes behavior analysis measures to analyze the crowd behavior of large-scale recruitment fair and purpose behavior intervention and management measures correspondingly. This paper can provide theory reference for research of quantitive model; provide decision-making supporting for risk manager of public places; provide help for the formulation of crowd safety management documents. |
