Research On Controllable Preparation Of ZnO Nanowires And It’s Application

Zinc Oxide,a kind of Ⅱ-Ⅵ compound, is one kind of direct band gap semiconductor material with the band gap of3.37eV at room temperature and exciton binding energy of60meV.One-dimensional (1D) nanostructures,with excellent optical and electrical properties, are widely used in the manufacture of laser diodes, gas detectors, photoelectric detectors, optical switches, solar cells, field emission devices. According to the differences in their growth and control ways,the methods of preparing ZnO1D nanostructures can be divided into the vapor phase growth method, liquid phase growth method, the template growth method and self-assembled growth method. Hydrothermal method(one kind of liquid phase growth method), a low growth temperature and low cost method, which can prepare samples in a large scale, is highly welcomed by numerous researchers.In this paper, through hydrothermal method, we have successfully prepared ZnO nanowires on the substrates of silicon and carbon fiber cloth, respectively. Meanwhile,we discussed the effects of the thickness of the seed layer (coating time), growth time and growth temperature on the morphology of ZnO nanowires, in detail.What’s more,SEM, TEM, XRD and other analytical testing methods were used to test and analyze the samples. The results show that the prepared ZnO nanowires have single crystal structure and have the property of growing along the <001> surface.Wherein, the methods of preparing on the silicon substrates, in accordance with the growth of the frequency, can also be divided into single growth method and multiple growth method. Through a series of study,we got the conditions of preparing ZnO nanowires of high quality and larger length by analyzing a large number of experimental results of single growth method and multiple growth method. Wherein, by the single growth method, we can prepare ZnO nanowire with a length of about10.4μm, a diameter of about85nm; while, we can prepare ZnO nanowire with a length of about15.0μm, a diameter of about100nm, by multiple growth method. Furthermore, the length of the zinc oxide nanowires, according to needs, can also be enlarged by increasing the frequency of growth.In addition, we also made some supercapacitors based on the ZnO nanowires growing on carbon fiber cloth and made some tests and analysis on their performance.