The Study Of The Influences Of Composition And Process On The Surface Properties Of Zirconium Frit Glaze

In this paper, the zirconium fritted glazes were prepared using kaolin, potassium andsodium feldspar, quartz, talc etc.as raw materials. The effects of composition and process onthe smooth, roughness and surface energy of glaze were discussed.The study of melting and crystallization of zirconium silicate in raw glazes and frittedglazes indicates the uneven distribution of zircon due to the grains gathered on the raw glazessurface which increase the glazed surface roughness. However, the phenomenon of unevendistribution of zircon was improved in the same composition fritted glazes, and they hadhigher opacity, lower roughness, higher surface energy than the raw glazes.The influences of K-feldspar/Na-feldspar, zircon, titania, cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide,magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate on the whiteness, roughness and water contactangle of glaze surface by orthogonal experiment in this study, a few good recipes such as Ra,CA,10#and14#were obtained. They range in roughness from0.12μm to0.17μm, the watercontact angle ranging between22.18°and40.44°.The influences of main glazed oxide on the quality of glaze was studied through singlefactor method. The results showed that: The effects of SiO₂on the glazes roughness andsurface energy were unobvious, but surface energy would decrease slightly when the SiO₂was above a certain value. Glaze layer contained not only zircon but also feldspar when thecontent of Al₂O₃was high that would increase roughness and hardness but reduce surfaceenergy. The effects of CaO content on the glazes surface roughness was unobvious, butbubbles were formed when adding excessive. The glazes with higher surface energy wereobtained when the right amount of CaO. The content of MgO was must be controlled, or thesurface roughness would increase when MgO was added more than a certain value. Theglazes with higher surface energy were also obtained when the right amount of MgO. Thesurface energy had no significant change when ZnO substituted for some CaO. The smoothglazes were obtained when the amount of substitution was little. The roughness wouldincrease when the amount of substitution was more than a value. Part of Na₂O or K₂Oreplaced by Li₂O and part of Na₂O and K₂O replaced by Li₂O would increase the surfaceenergy and hardness. The glaze surface energy would decrease and the surface roughness would increase with an increase of ZrO₂. The ZrO₂content should be limited under thepremise in hardness and opacity. When CeO₂was above a certain value, glaze turned yellowgradually. CeO₂introducing into glaze would increase the roughness, hardness and surfaceenergy. La₂O₃would increase the hardness and the surface energy when its appropriateintroduction.The influences of the glaze slurry particle size and firing temperature on glaze surfacequality were studied. The results showed that: too small and too rough glaze slurry wouldincrease the roughness but its effect on surface energy was unapparent. The best glazes wereobtained when the d50was1.90μm. Reasonable firing system were also the key factors forassure the quality of glaze. Under the condition of this experiment, the heating rate of700⁹00℃and1000¹200℃and the holding time at1000℃and1200℃should becontrolled.The change of gloss, roughness, hardness and surface energy of the glazes containdifferent crystals after corroded in the alkaline solution were studied, the results indicated thatalkali resistance of glazes contain zircon stronger than diopside, cordierite and wollastonite,and the good corrosion ressistance glazes would obtained when the quantity of zircon in theglaze surface was large.