Study On Key Factor Research Of Cows Manure In Aerobic Composting Process

Aerobic composting is an effective method which can transfer the livestock manure in a rapid, stableand harmless way. Temperature, the content of oxygen, C/N ratio and other factors influence the intensityof microbial activity during the composting process, and affect the speed and quality of the compost. Thisstudy focuses on the impact of ventilation, temperature, C/N ratio and agriculture straw on the aerobiccompost of cow manure. The aim of this study is to provid a basic theory and an effective disposal methodof the cow manure in Xinjiang. The main conclusions are as follows.(1) Cow composting in the type of ventilation treatment conditions, the moisture declinerate in the composting process was10minutes every day, the rate with1.6m3·min-1decreased thefastest, then5minutes every day, rate was1.6m3·min-1, the Ventilation composting declined theslowest. Total N content increased first and then decreased; Total P content decreased first andthen increased; total K content of5minutes every day, rate was1.6m3·min-1is higher than10minutesevery day, rate was1.6m3·min-1; Available nutrient content increased than the initial. The treatmentof10minutes every day, rate was1.6m3·min-1and could promote organic matter mineralization.Overall, the treatment of5minutes every day, rate was1.6m3·min-1could improve the quality ofcompost products and the moisture content, nutrient content and organic matter content of compost productwere all meet the national standards for organic fertilizer.(2) Cow manure used incubator for aerobic composting at different temperatures and strawproportion conditions, the temperatures between30℃to45℃were best, composting temperature toolow or too high both would affect the compost. After composting for30days, the cow manure mixed withstraw ratio of1:1and2:1mixture of compost C/N value meet the standard of maturity about16:1. TN, TP,TK content increased, and organic matter content decreased.(3) For cow manure composting under different straw sources conditions, all treatments of stackercompost were loose and dry, showed no odor and no impurities, and the colors were dark brown at the endof composting. For all treatments other than the control, the water contents were all≤20%, and meet themoisture content standard in organic manure composting. Moisture content of cow manure mixed withalfalfa straw composting reached this standard at the first18d section. The pH values at8.0～9.0at the end of composting and meet the standard in organic manure composting. Apart of the cow manure mixed withalfalfa straw compost processing and the control processing, TN contents of other treatments all increasedwhen comparing with the initial. Apart of cow manure mixed with cotton stalks compost processing andcontrol processing, TP contents of other processing increased. At the end of the period of composting, TK,AP and AK contents increased compared with the initial, while organic matter content reduced and heavymetals contents in the composting of each treatment concentration were lower than the contents in organicfertilizer standard. Comparing with other treatments, cow manure mixed with alfalfa straw manure and cowmanure mixed with cotton straw compost showed higher aromatic ring characteristic peak-to-peak spectra,which were665±5cm-1and671±5cm-1, respectively.(4) In conclusion, cow manure mixed with alfalfa straw composting is good. However, in practicalapplications, alfalfa straw can be used as a livestock feed, cotton straw is more common in Xinjiang.Therefore, cow manure mixed with cotton stalks composting is more appropriate.