Analysis Of Air Pollution Status And Major Pollutants Sources In Urumqi

With the fast socioeconomic development in Urumqi City in recent decades, theurbanization is increasingly growing along with population expansion as well asenvironment pollution, which have brought in significant impacts and pressures on theurban sustainability especially the air pollution, water quality, noise and solid wastes.Air pollutants （TSP, SO₂, NO₂） has become the major problem especially in winterfor its huge coal consumption in Urumqi. Although great efforts have been done forimproving the air quality such as more centralized heating systems, installation ofmore dedusting and desulfuring devices for flue-gas, increase of boiler efficiencyand emission control standard, adjustment of energy structure for more natural gasinstead of coal, and other environment management and pollution control measures,yet for the long run the air quality has not been improved significantly.This paper aims at the description of air population status and change,analysis of pollutants emission and their spatial&temporal distribution, andfinally figures out the sources of major air pollutants in Urumqi. Based on themonitored air quality data in2004-2010and the results from a nationwide generalsurvey of pollutant sources in2011, compared with the National EnvironmentalAir Quality Standard and Air Pollution Index Scope and Corresponding AirQuality Classification, by using statistical description, time sequence analysis,air pollution index analysis, correlation and regression analysis, emission temporaldistribution coefficient and clustering analysis, the following results have beenconcluded:Inhalable particles （PM10） and SO₂are the most and second most importantpollutants respectively and their annual average concentrations both exceed grade IIin the national standard. The air quality is much more serious in heating season（November-April） than none-heating season （May-October） indicating that burningcoal is the major source for the pollution especially PM10and SO₂. The annualaverage concentration of NO₂is generally increasing along with the automobileincrease. The electric power generation is the most important source of SO₂, PM10and NOXand the heating supply the second. In temporal perspective more coal isconsumed in winter. In2010, the coal consumption in heating season （6months） is1.32folds than that in none-heating season （6month）, while the emissions of SO₂,PM10and NOXare1.39,1.17, and1.17respectively. The concentrations of all thepollutants are change regularly against the time, nevertheless inhalable particles isstill the primary pollutant. The air pollution is typical coal burning type.