Synthesis And Adsorption Of The Nanostructure Hollow SiO₂

SiO₂is one of the most intensively studied nonmetallic materials. It has been widelyused in many fields of advanced technology, such as catalytic supports, adsorption, separation,photonic crystals, accurate ceramic material, rubber, coating material, chromatogram packingmaterials and high polymer composite etc. The structure, morphology and size of SiO₂areclosely related to its properties and influence its potential applications. Silica nanoparticlesare easy to aggregate and hard to recycle. In this paper, we prepared the hollow SiO₂microspheres with nanoparticles, so it could have low density and high specific surface, andother unique properties, especially the large internal surface can adsorb a number of the objectof molecules, and all these properties can expand its applications area. The pollen grain waschosen as a biotemplate, and we have prepared a variety of different morphologicals and sizesnanostructure hollow SiO₂microspheres, and also discussed its adsorption performance, themain contents are as following:Firstly, this paper not only describes the properties and preparation methods ofnanostructure SiO₂microspheres, but also summarizes and analyzes the research situation ofsynthesis hollow structure SiO₂microspheres by template method and the special propertiesand application of modified hollow SiO₂microspheres.Secondly, hydrochloric acid as catalyst, nanostructure SiO₂hollow microspheres havebeen fabricated successfully using the Astragalus Smicus pollen and rape pollen asbio-template respectively through microwave method. Their morphology, crystal shape,energy spectrum, infrared absorption spectrum and specific surface were characterized andanalyzed.Thirdly, ammonia as catalyst, we fabricated SiO₂nanoparticles through a much easilymethod: stirred-aged at room temperature. Then join some Astragalus Smicus pollens to putthese SiO₂nanoparticles toghter. Consequently, SiO₂hollow microspheres could be achieved.The experiment studied the morphology and the size of hollow SiO₂microspheres byadjusting timing of pollens, water concentration, and the way of calcination etc. Meanwhile,the formation mechanism of the hollow SiO₂microspheres through different catalysts（hydrochloric acid and ammonia） was studied preliminarily. Fourthly, modified hollow SiO₂microspheres by different functionalization reagentswere obtained and chosen the best one. Then we conduct the adsorption experiment witheriochrome black T as printing and dyeing wastewater to study the adsorption model,desorption and recyclability of modified hollow SiO₂microspheres.