Research On Methodology To Risk Zonation And Management Of Sudden Water Environmental Pollution

In recent years, abrupt water environmental pollution accidents occur more andmore frequently in a region. The sudden water pollution incidents bring pressure on theenvironment, changing the situation of environment, causing significant threat to humanbeings and ecosystems. Accurate zonation of environmental risk p could rovide animportant tool for preventing and reducing such accidents. Hence, it is in dire need ofresearching on methodology to risk zonation of sudden water environmental pollution.A reasonable risk prevention framework for abrupt environmental pollution accidents ispresented through occurrences study and risk zonation. The risk zonation of suddenwater environmental pollution can put a certain area divid into different risk levels ofpartition, through analysis distinct structure and function of the regional natural andsocio-economic environment.It also determine the priority of environmental riskmanagement to achieve effective environmental risk management measures, thereby itcan protect the people and bring the socio-economic stability and healthy development.On the basis of previous studies, this paper sum up the major factors of impactingwater environmental risk and provide the methodology to risk Zonation of sudden waterenvironmental pollution from risk of the source and vulnerability of the receptor. Themethodology of risk: A zonation index system and measuring models of waterenvironmental risk are proposed, based on the Pressure-State-Response (PSR), researchof water environmental risk system and analysis of causes of sudden environmentalpollution accidents occurred. Furthermore, in this paper, considering the pollutionaccidents characters operability principles, the index system include nine factors fromthree aspects: water environmental risk sources, risk receptors, Control mechanisms andInfluence. Then, weight value of each index of the index system was obtained byanalytic hierarchy process (AHP) through consulting experts. At the same time, gradingstandards of every early Zonation index have also been obtained by referring to theexisting international standards, codes and expert advices, as well as through comparingthe hazard levels of historical environmental events, AHP evaluation and syntheticallyfuzzy assessment have also been applied to judge the risk sources grading of suddenwater pollution accidents. On the base of the zonation principles and units, this paperachieve risk zonation. To face the same sudden water pollution, the different receptorshave the different influence, therefore we should evaluate the receptors. Themethodology of vulnerability: A zonation index system measuring models of waterenvironmental receptors are proposed, based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP).At the same time, grading standards of every early Zonation index have also beenobtained by referring to the existing international standards, codes and expert advices, as well as through comparing the hazard levels of historical environmental events, AHPevaluation and synthetically fuzzy assessment have also been applied to judge thereceptors grading of sudden water pollution accidents. On the base of the zonationprinciples and units, this papera chieve vulnerability of the receptor zonation.The technique was applied in the case of environmental risk zonation in the mainstream of songhua river and it was divided into four zones with risk degrees of high,medium, low, and lower and Vulnerability of high, medium, low, and lower. Accordingto the zoning results of risk and vulnerability of the partition, the paper provide therecommendations to prevent the occurrence of sudden Songhua River waterenvironment pollution incidents and provides a reference for the Songhua River BasinWater Environmental Management Decision.