Analysis Of Particulate Air Pollution And Preliminary Study On The Pollution Source In Different Function Area Of Jiaozuo City

Urban atmospheric environment has a significant effect on the survival anddevelopment of human beings, as an important part of urban environment. With theprocess of urbanization, modernization, motorized, high-intensity of economicactivity has exerted a tremendously negative influence on the urban atmosphericenvironment. The existing study showed that the phenomenon of particlesconcentration exceeds permissible standard is very common in many cities at homeand abroad. Airborned particulate matter has replaced SO2&NOxto become theprimary pollutant of urban air. Jiaozuo has been focused on heavy industry, industrydistribution is not reasonable, urban infrastructure conditionis bad, which makes theurban air pollution is more serious..From May to June2011, Airborned particulate matters were collected by ModelTE-20-800high volume and eight grading particles captor U.S. Tisch Company, infour functional areas of Jiaozuo City. Dust samples that were on the wooden doorsand windows, roof terrace, glass surface, and so on, were collected by brush.The mass concentrations of different diameters of air particles were measured bygravimetric method. It was found that the distributions of inhalable particulate matterswere overall of “U” form. The two peak values were in the range of5.8to10.0μmand2.1to0.43μm. The mass concentrations of PM10were higher than the nationalsecondary standard (daily mean:0.15mg/m3) in the studied area. Compared with thedaily mean concentration of PM2.1(0.75mg/m3), the concentration of cultural district,traffic areas and business district were2.22,1.02and1.66times than that,respectively. The concentration of PM2.1in the coal-fired power plant district was wellwithin the standard.Through analysis on heavy metal elements(As&Hg) of inhalable particulatematters and dust which sampled from the four functional areas of Jiaozuo City withAtomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy (AFS),it was showed that the averageconcentration of As and Hg in inhalable particulate matters were8.65+4.01μg/m3，4.44+4.2ng/m3, respectively. And they were higher than the global backgroundvalues. The concent of As and Hg in the dust were from21.01μg/g to34.54μg/g，andfrom0.45μg/g to1.51μg/g, with the average values of25.71+6.1μg/g and 0.86+0.49μg/g, respectively. which were2.30and13.17times than soil naturalbackground value of arsenic (11.2μg/g) and mercury (0.065μg/g) in China..Arsenic indust were mainly residual arsenic, and sulfide arsenic were the second highest. Theconcent of soluble and exchangeable arsenic and mercury with the strong activenesswere less.The dust which sampled from the four functional areas of Jiaozuo City wasstudied by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The resultshowed that particulate matters come mainly from coal burning and motor vehicleexhaust emission, but the dust of earth’s surface on the impact environment also cannot be ignored.