Landscape Geochemical Characteristics In The Playa Of Ebinur Lake And Its Response To Wind Erosion

In many arid and semiarid lands, saline lakes, playas, and similar landforms are disturbed as a result of human activity. Diversion and/or consumptive use of surface or groundwaters has created the effect of a climate change in numerous drainage basins, resulting in the desiccation of lakes and reactivation of eolian processes at many locations.1) Dry lakebed become one of the important source of saline-alkali dust storms in arid areas because of wind erosion.In order to study the anti-erosion effect of different landscape types of dry lakebed, selected salt-rich sediments under six different kinds of landscape types in the Playa of Ebinur Lake for the study, based on the volume data of particle size distribution of salt-rich sediment samples, used single and multi-fractal dimension and the CCA analysis methods, focused on the erosion intensity and erosion characteristics of the salt-rich sediments under different landscape types. The results showed that:fractal dimension values of the salt-rich sediments of six kinds of landscape types of0-30cm and30～60cm were significant differences.The dimension values of0～30cm ranged from1.94to2.40, and the fractal dimension values of30～60cm ranged from1.92to2.53, the overall were low level; surface average fractal dimension followed by L5> L1> L6> L4> L2> L3, average fractal dimension value of the30-60cm followed by L1=L5> L4> L2> L3>L6;the fractal dimension of particle size distribution of salt-rich sediment was significantly positively correlated with particles that diameter was less than73.63μn; multifractal dimension and CCA analysis methods can effectively reveal the uniformity characteristics of the PSD of the different depth of salt-rich deposits under the natural vegetation of the dry lakebed. According to the salt-rich deposits-plant characteristics in the Lake District, improve the traits of salt-rich sediments, and improve the survival rate of seedlings of native species through ecological restoration,to prevent the occurrence of wind erosion of salt-rich deposits and dust storms,this should be directions of future research.2) based on classical statistics, studied salt content and salt accumulation characteristics of salt-rich sediment inplaya. The results showed that:from the perspective of average, the salt content in salt-rich sediment of0-30cm layer accounted for70.3%of0cm to60cm layer, that is, vertical distribution of salt content showed strong accumulated characteristics, salt content of sediment under each layer showed a moderate variability (CV=10%～100%moderate variability), explain the sediment salt in vertical direction and horizontal difference is bigger. Correlation analysis showed that total salt was significantly and positively correlated withNa+、Mg2+、SO42-、Cl-in different soil depths. Principal Component Analysis showed that the significant relation between the degree of salt accumulation and the first、 second principal component and the cumulative contribution of these principal components was over80%.The result of space distribution analysis, the variability of total salt content, PH and EC was strong。The spatial distribution maps of salt elements interpolated by Spline interpolation showed apparently strip and block. Salt content of Sediment is so different under various landscape types that appeared Local high-value areas and low areas.According to the salt content in different layers, salt accumulated in surface layer under the evaporation effect, resulted in the salt content of the surface layer greater than the deep layer.3) Explained the difference of salt content in vertical direction and different landscape types is bigger. The salt accumulation in Different types of landscape surface average followed by:L5> L6>L1> L4> L3> L2, L1and L2two landscape types had a similar decreasing trend L3, L4, L5, L6these four landscape types of salt accumulation had a similar increasing trend, the mixture anion of salt-rich sediment primarily consists of SO42-and Cl-; the cation of salt-rich sediments primarily consists of Na+,Ca2+and Mg2+. The research on accumulation Characteristics of Salt under different landscapes in salt-rich sediment playa of Ebinur Lake showed that there is an arid climate、low water-supply quality and high water consumption.4) Sediment0-30cm average organic matter mean value of the1.14-5.72g/kg,30-60cm range change average organic matter mean value of the0.93-3.09g/kg, surface0～30cm organic matter content in higher than deep30-60cm, six landscape surface organic matter average size in order as at L5>L1>L6>L4> L3> L2, analysis result that indicate that the type of organic matter content L5higher than other types. In different period, different landscape types of sediment accumulation of organic matter with different characteristics, dry lake landscape under each type of October organic matter content of the sediment is higher than June. The spatial interpolation results indicate that the surface and deep sediment from organic matter content to see, surface sediments organic matter content high and deep, from the time scale to see, the fall in October sediment table0to30cm layer a verage organic matter content of the bigger than30-60cm,except land scape LI Landscape type organic matter reduce other landscape types of organic matter accumulated sediment to continue, and the increasing trend and trends in June to almost differences about the same.5) Dry lake chemical sediments processes of the earth to the relationship between the results of the study area show that the wind erosion; Rich salt sediment salt concentration, organic matter content and viscous grain, powder content, conductivity into significant positive correlation, rich salt sediment organic matter content sorting basically against an average Dvalue, viscous grain content, the powder grain content of the order of consistent, but may be because of the rich salt sediment of fine particles in the material that large quantities of salt table together to form a salt-silt-clay surfaces with hard and rough, and miniature landscape development obvious, corrosion, and a strong ability to rich salt sediment of organic matter and organic carbon accumulation, so organic matter content And fine solids content into a good positive relationship;Dry lake area of strong evaporation, and lead to large quantities of salt water with a large table together upward movement, moisture evaporates after salt and rich salt sediment viscous grain and the powder together, forming the crystallization of hard salt shell, has a strong wind erosion resistance of the effect, the crystallization of salt shell helps to form rich salt sediment accumulation of organic matter, organic matter content and rich salt sediment viscous grain, the powder content, conductivity and the content of the relationship between the fractal parameters that may act as a rich salt sediment quality reflects the potential index, thus for dry lake sediments rich salt wind erosion control to adopt effective bioremediation technology to provide scientific reference.6) Ebinur Lake northwest of intermittent dry lake bottom and the south, southeast of the history of dry lake bottom sediment profiles of three experiments of different landscape types salinity vertical differentiation of the law show that:Modern intermittent dry lake bottom not vegetation coverage to T profile sediments, each layer of salt content is higher than the other YiBiHu historical period dry lake with its southeastern desert H and Ebinur Lake historical period dry lake reed with P type in southeastern desert eachlayerosaltcontent, surface saltcontent of eachsection are higher, namely,theexistenceof salt upper aggregation;Mi gration of the different landscape types in each section, sediment salt ions accumulated to show that:The study area, various type of profile anions is composed mainly of Cl-and SO42-, layers of sediment cations are composed mainly of Na+, Ca+,so we can see that type of salt is composed mainly of chloride and sulfate; The sediment profiles of grain size analysis showed that:T landscape type profile of grain size mainly to silt, followed by is the clay, H landscape type profile of grain size is composed mainly ofsand, followed by is the powder, P-landscape type of profile granularity is composed mainly of sand andsilt, contrast to the salt transport processes in the wind and wind-free conditions shows that the wind have a significant effect on salt transportLastly, construction of dikes and isolation technique are suggested to separate the dry lake bottom from the perennial water area in order to stabilize the water area of Lake Ebinur.To regulate the eolian transport of salts, some measures including integrated utilization of biology, chemistry and physics techniquesand planting salt tolerance trees such as Populus euphratica, Tamarix, Haloxylon ammodendron, are also suggested.