Detection And Risk Assessment On Polybrominated Biphenyls And Polybrominated Biphenyls Ethers In Toys

With the rise of toys export, chemical content of toys is the core of quality safety. Though the production ablility, technical capability and product quality are developed in different levels, the legislation on the chemical substances safety of toys exported or inside China is incompleted, particularly for the control of fire retardants such as PBDEs.To research comprehensively the PBDEs and PBBs level and speciation feature in toys the GC-MS following microwave extraction pre-processing method was set up to analyze the concentration of PBDEs and PBBs. Based on questionare survey, about200toys were sampled from Shanghai market to detect PBDEs levels. The results were summarize and discussed acoording to four categories such as plush toys, electrical toys, model toys and plastic toys. Results indicated that PBBs was not detected in all toys. PBDEs was lower than detection limit in plush toys while the detection rates of PBDEs in electrical toys, model toys and plastics toys were64%,38%and46%, respectively. Meanwhile, Deca-BDE had the largested content compared with that of other species. The averaged PBDEs content was the largest which was around (546.94±10.94)mg/Kg.A exposure model combining inhalation exposure with mouthing, dermal contact and oral ingestrion (hand tomouth) was built to evaluate exposure risk dosage of PBBs and PBDEs. Results showed that the risk of children under three years old was higher than that above three years old. Risk value via the mouthing exposure is the largest. The PBDEs’ congener specific hazard quotient values were less one, which means that PBDEs exposure does not pose a significant risk for children.