Application Of Rare Earth Doped In₂O₃Inverse Opal Structure In Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

With the development of use of energy sources in human society, coal has beenthe dominant energy sources from the modern industrial revolution till this date.large-scale development and utilization of natural gas and oil was carried outgradually since the beginning of the20th century. In the context of the globalindustrial standards continue to progress, energy consumption in human societyincreased dramatically as the industrial production and the city’s expanding, especiallythe demand for fuel. In human industrial development, energy is a prerequisite forindustrial progress. Adequate energy is the basic guarantee of rapid economicdevelopment. Mechanization development requires a lot of energy to support,however, the scarcity of energy makes the world energy crisis occurred. In recentyears, researchers in the world are looking for new energy sources and made a lot ofachievements. In the past, the use of natural energy is focused on coal, oil, natural gasand other fossil fuels, however, this type of fuel reserves on Earth it is quite large atpresent, but these resources need a lot of years to realize re-generation, resourceeventually will be exhausted. And these resources in the world does not mean thegeographical distribution of controversy among many countries and even warrevolves around. Further development and use of these energy sources will causelarge amounts of the human environment are very hazardous, such as: carbon dioxide,sulfur, etc., and the exploitation of these resources will lead to a lot of geologicaldisasters. Therefore, the issue of human long-term development considerations, thedevelopment of new environmentally friendly, sustainable energy use isimminent. Solar energy, wind energy is a new type of environmentally clean andinexhaustible energy, in the development and use, clean energy does not produce anyhazardous substances to the environment. Therefore, this new energy developmentand utilization attract all the countries around the world attention and concern. Chinais the world’s largest developing country, the demand for energy is large due to thelarge area of land, making the development and utilization of solar energy has greatspace for development. Therefore, research and utilization of solar cells is animportant way to solve energy crisis. Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is analternative way and has been widely studied in recent years, new solar cell, becausethe raw material preparation is widely distributed in nature and low cost, process flowpreparation of simple battery causing the widespread interest with a strong competitive edge. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell as animportant indicator of solar test on how to improve the photoelectric conversionefficiency is an important research topic of people. Photonic crystal having a photonicband gap having a periodic arrangement of the distribution of the photons which canplay a role in the modulation of the transmission. Photonic crystal structure havingsuch a particular characteristics, in particular inverse opal photonic crystals arecomposed of many large hole communicating with each other to form a gap, whichcan improve the interaction of photons therein. Inverse opal photonic crystal structurecan increase the macropore specific surface area of the dye adsorption, to improvephotoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. The rare earth ions introducedinto the dye-sensitized solar cells can improve light utilization of solar cells, reducesthe transmission of electrochemical impedance photons in the cell.This thesis is aboutthe macroporous inverse opal structure, which in In2O3semiconductor materialinstead of the traditional broadband TiO2, were prepared by vertical growth methoddifferent size crystal opal template, and using the electrochemical deposition methodto populate the template matrix solution gaps in the structure of the microspheres. Bycalcination to remove the big ball opal structure particles get macroporous inverseopal photonic crystal structures for the production of light anode In2O3. Themacroporous structure In2O3inverse opal photonic crystals applied to thedye-sensitized solar cell anode of light to study its effect on the photoelectricconversion efficiency of solar cells...