Development Of High-precision Low-power Distributed Seismic Acquisition Station

As the front-end data acquisition unit of the digital seismic instrument’s dataacquisition system, distributed seismic acquisition station is one of digital seismicinstrument’s important components, its performance directly determines the overallperformance of the digital seismic instrument’s data acquisition system. This paperuses the high precision ADC technology, FPGA embedded technology and micropower technology to develop a kind of high-precision low-power distributed seismicacquisition station, which is suitable for the large scale digital cable seismicinstrument.Distributed seismic acquisition station is composed of data acquisition circuitboard and FPGA master control circuit board. Data acquisition circuit board isdesigned based on the high precision seismic technique solution by Cirrus dataacquisition chips and DAC1282&ADS1282data acquisition chips. In order to ensureits analog acquisition precision, take full account of the design of front-end circuit,power circuit, PCB board design and so on. FPGA main control circuit board iscomposed of Cyclone IV E FPGA main control circuit and Cyclone V E FPGA maincontrol circuit, they are designed based on the resource demand and powerconsumption, in addition, the structure of circuit board, layout of circuit, noise andanti-interference are also optimally designed. According to the actual functionrequirements of distributed seismic acquisition station, the paper completes the FPGAlogic design on the integrated platform of Quartus II software by using VHDLlanguage through the bottom-up method. Mainly designs the module block of CS5378driver, ADS1282&DAC1282driver, Manchester encoding and decoding module anddata frame processing module, and the module blocks designed above are instantiatedand combined together to complete the top-level diagram design.With experimental verification, the distributed seismic acquisition station hasexcellent performance of high precision and low power consumption. In terms ofacquisition performance, Cirrus data acquisition board and ADS1282&DAC1282data acquisition board have reached the grade A standard of SY/T5391-2007in equivalentinput noise, total harmonic distortion and dynamic range. In terms of powerconsumption, a combination of ADS1282&DAC1282acquisition board and CycloneVI main control board has the excellent features of low power consumption and lowcost. In terms of data transmission, distributed seismic acquisition stations areconnected to the master-slave power stations for testing, the results show that the datatransmission between different distributed seismic acquisition stations andmaster-slave power stations is stable.