Studies On The Impact Of Main Meteorological Disaster In China Within Recent30Years

Meteorological observation data from national meteorological stations during1978-2010including temperature, precipitation were used to analyze the influence of the main meteorological disaster on the affected agriculture and population and socio-economy. The influence of four kinds of main meteorological disasters inluding drought, flood, low temperature and frost, and gale and hailstorm was analyzed to show the temporal and spatial distributions and the changes in long-term trends in China, especially on social and econmic influence. The following main conclusions are were as followsdrawn:1. On the nation scale, the covered area, suffered area by meteorological disasters and the rate of suffered area to sown area have increasing trend and the impact of meteorological disasters become more and more severe. The sown areas of most regions are increasing except for low and middle reaches of Yangtze River. And the adverse impact of meteorological disaster on agricultural become more severe in low and middle reaches of Yangtze River, but less in North China. For the affected people, decreasing trend is found on the nation scale. But in North China, Northwest China and Inner Mongolia, the number of death people showed increasing trend. Direct economic losses of the meteorological disaster has significant increased while affected ratio has declined, especially for the area of West China.2. Annual precipiation of China shows increasing tendency, which decreasing trend is found in Northeast China, Inner mongulia, Southwest China while the other regions are on the contrary. The covered area and the rate to sown area, population suffered drinkable water and the rate to the total population, and the rate of economic losses are all increasing trends, except for suffered area and the rate, population suffered drought and the rate, and direct economic losses. The tendencies of Northeast China, Inner Mongolia and Northwest China become more serious for covered area and suffered area by drought conditions, and disaster areas by drought in Southwest China and South China have increasing trend. In Southwest China and the low and middle reaches of Yangtze River, the population suffered drinkable water by drought and direct economic losses tend to increase.3. Annual days of rainstorm tend to increase and have great impact on agriculture, economic and population. Decreasing tendencies are found in death people and death rate, and damage and collapse of house. The serious regions of agriculture affected by rainstorm are located in the low and middle reaches of Yangtze River and Northeast China. In south of China are serious regions of affected people and damage and collapse of house. The low and middle reaches of Yangtze River and Southwest China are serious regions of economic losses. The tendencies of agricultural affected by rainstorm in south of China, population in north of China, damage and collapse of house in Southwest China and direct economic impact in most regions of China are all increasing.4. Under the background of global warming, the frequency of low temperature and frost disaster had decreased in China, while the influence on economy and agriculture had increased. The influence on economy in south of China and agriculture in low and middle reaches of Yangtze River, Northwest China and North China had increased.5. The gale and hail storm has decreased, and the influence on economy, agriculture and population is also decreasing.