The Effect Of Carbon Fixation And Carbon Sequestration Estimate Of Seafood In Marine Ranching

With the global temperature increasing and the frequency of extreme weather, thestudy on energy conservation and greenhouse gas reducing acquired people’s attention.As one of the main greenhouse gas, the studies on reducing CO2emissions and improv-ing carbon sequestration were imperative. Ocean is the largest active carbon on the earth,the carbon in the marine more than50times in the atmosphere, about90Pg CO2byocean circulation in global carbon cycle, and30percent of total emissions of carbonfrom human activities is absorbed by the ocean, effectively delaying the impact of CO2emissions from human activity on the global climate. Marine organism plays an impor-tant role in the ocean carbon cycle. The CO2uptaked by ocean istransformedinto organ-ic carbon and carbonate forms stored in the submarinethrough a series of biotransforma-tion process eventually. But with the rise of average global temperatures, the CO2in theoceanreach saturation.Thebuffer action and capacity of absorbing CO2of the sea isweakened and by fisherycarbon sequestration will be removed carbon in the oceansfrom the sea. That can contribute to the absorption of CO2by oceans. Fully understandthe role and function of marine life in the ocean carbon sink, and effectively promotethe development of carbon sinks and fisheries would be an effective means to reduce theCO2concentration. Stichopus japonicus were mainly multiplication cultivar in northerncoastal marine ranching, and oysters were the most common fouling organisms. Soanalyzing the carbon sequestration ability of Stichopus japonicus and oyster, estimationthe carbon sequestration content of Stichopus japonicus and oyster would be useful to scientific evaluate the ability of the ocean carbon sink ranch and its development poten-tial and build marine carbon sinks farm budget model. This would provide scientificguidance for releasing proliferation cultivars, increasing ocean carbon shift and seques-tration ability.This paper contains five chapters totally. The first chapter summarizes what themechanism of carbon sequestration is in ocean ranch, and thus proposes several ways toimprove the ability of sinking marine carbon; chapter2summarizes the research statuson marine organisms’ abilities of sequestrating carbon at home and abroad; chapter3elaborates both the mechanism and effect of carbon sequestration, in which way japo-nicus and adherent oyster can do, and cucumber formulas for calculating the amountof carbon is obtained from the formulas that existed at home and abroad; in chapter4,the experiment on different specifications of stichopus japonicus’ feeding, growth,excretion test physiological processes is done at different temperatures, with this re-search, carbon budget equation on different specifications of stichopus japonicus is ob-tained, at the same time, the ratio of grown carbon and respiratory metabolism carbon iscalculated and analyzed;in chapter5, with the research of proliferated reefs gained onLaizhou Bay, both dry weight and total wet weight of reefs’(Ostrea plicatula) shell,thickness of the seasonal change and reef age differences are analyzed, and then the to-tal amount of carbon sequestration in reef area are estimated. The main results are asfollows:Determined by experiment, sea cucumber fecal carbon (51.63~72.83%) and res-piratory metabolism of carbon (24.27~44.54%) accounted for most of the feeding ofcarbon, carbon range for growth of only2.9to6.01percent. Carbon budget equation atdifferent temperatures in the specifications of the sea cucumber is as follows: the tem-perature at10℃, S (5.0±1.0g) Size:100C=2.90G+72.83F+24.27R; M (10.0±1.6g) Size:100C=3.00G+71.02F+25.98R; L (25.0±4.5g) Size:100C=3.55G+59.34F+37.11R; XL (50.0±8.5g) Size:100C=4.79G+58.47F+36.74R.14℃, S Size:100C=4.94G+60.41F+34.65R; M Size:100C=5.31G+58.36F+36.33R; LSize:100C=5.92G+55.61F+38.47R; XL100C=6.01G+54.69F+39.30R.18℃, SSize:100C=5.59G+60.74F+33.67R; M Size:100C=4.80G+54.68F+40.52R; LSize:100C=4.69G+51.63F+43.68R; XL Size:100C=3.64G+51.82F+44.54R. The specifications japonicus storing carbon assimilation highest efficiency at the op-timum temperature, then the growth of carbon (G) and respiratory metabolism of carbon(R) is the ratio of the maximum. Over and below the optimum temperature storage ofcarbon assimilation rate and G/R values are lower. Specifications for the optimumtemperature of sea cucumber S is high, when there is a high rate of assimilation of car-bon storage and high G/R value at18℃, M and L sizes japonicus optimum tempera-ture at about14℃, XL Specifications japonicus optimum temperature at about10℃. Therefore, in order to increase the marine sea cucumber ranch shift in carbonrevenue streams around5g specifications put small sea cucumber benefits during earlysummer high temperature,10g sizes larger than beneficial in the fall of sea cucumbersea temperature dropped to14℃, before the arrival of summer temperatures will reachmarket size of sea cucumber harvest to remove the water as quickly as possible, so youcan ensure a certain economic benefits, but also to avoid japonicus release more CO2inthe ocean.The total weight(Wt), shell dry weight(Ws) presented the seasonal varia-tion(P<0.001), the minimum points is in April while the minimum value appeared inDecember. The years of artificial reefs placed on the ocean have significant effect of Wt,Ws and T(attaching thickness). With the increment of years, all the indexes increasedobviously. The Ws of oyster in Laizhou Bay changed observably with the seasonal vari-ation, so the carbon sinks of oyster attached on the artificial reefs is different in fourseasons. The carbon sink of oyster attached on the tube artificial reefs with5,4,3yearin Laizhou Bay are17.61kg m-3、16.33kg m-3、10.45kg m-3. The oyster on the pro-liferation reefs of Jincheng marine ranch with an area of64.25hm2has a strong carbon sink potential of297.5tC (equivalent to1071t of CO2) from2009to2013in LaizhouBay. And this will cost about1.6×105～6.4×105million dollars for CO2capture andstorage. The total carbon sink of oyster (tissue) in survey regions is11.259t C, andconversion of carbon dioxide (CO2), equivalent to seal40.53t carbon dioxide (CO2).The carbon stored in oyster tissue divided into two parts, one part enter the food chainby feeding such as starfish, and the other part re-enter the Marine carbon biogeochemi-cal cycle by broken down after the oyster died. Therefore, the artificial reefs attached byoyster have remarkable ecological and social benefits. And it’s necessary to enlarge theconstruction area of artificial reefs. In this study, the carbon sink of oyster shell was on-ly considered, the carbon sequestration by biological deposition and the carbon sink ef-fluences of oyster by filtration suspended solids and algae were ignored. If considerthese factors, the actual carbon sink influences were greater.