Metallogenic Regularity And Metallogenic Prediction Of The Important Deposit Of Northern And Western Greenland

Greenland is the largest island in the world, most of the area is located within the Arctic Circle and81%of the island is covered by ice and snow. Greenland is rich in mineral resources, such as lead-zinc mine, iron ore, rare earth resources and crude oil. This master’s thesis is emphasized particularly on introduce the lead-zinc mine and oil and gas resources of Greenland for Chinese people to enhance the understanding of Greenland mineral resources and to provide valuable references for Chinese enterprises to implement the "go global" strategy in Greenland.Lead-zinc deposit is the main study subject in this thesis, and by collecting the author’s exploration and scientific research achievements and using geochemical methods appropriately to study on geological and geochemical characteristics of Citronen Fjord and Washington Land lead-zinc deposit, and the Nuussuaq Basin, and delineating the prospecting target area.Both folds and thrust faults are well developed in the Citronen Fjord, Northern Greenland, and the lead-zinc ore deposit is generally a NW—SE striking trend, mineralization zone is mainly Discovery Zone, Beach Zone and Esrum Zone. The ore body is hosted by Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian mudstone and shale, the main sulphides include pyrite, sphalerite and galena. The "West Elv" and "East Elv" of this area have lead-zinc metallogenic potential.The Zn-Pb mineralizations in Washington Land are hosted by Paleozoic platform carbonates. Both Petermann Prospect and Cass Fjord Prospect are epigenetic, the former is of stratabound-lenticular, its host rocks are micritic limestone with bedded-faulted structure and have a relative age of Lower Ordovician. The "Discovery Creek" and its E-W extension area of Petermann Prospect has lead-zinc metallogenic potential; the latter is of disseminated-lenticular, its host rocks are "1st. massive limestone" with massive-bedded structure and have a relative age of Cambrian. The silty limestone and dolomite in southwest of "Cass Main" of Cass Fjord has lead-zinc metallogenic potential.The Nuussuaq Basin is a rift basin which contains Cretaceous and Paleocene sediments. The coals and coaly mudstones of the Cretaceous Atane Formation of Nuussuaq Basin are exposed in Qullissat which located at the north coast of the island of Disko and in Paatuut which located at the south coast of Nuussuaq peninsula, West Greenland. A constructed vitrinite reflectance gradient for the region suggests that the Qullissat section prior to exhumation was buried to1,500-1,600m depth. Hydrogen Index (HI) values from both Qullissat and Paatuut are generally low; estimated maximum HI values for three Qullissat coals yield values of140-190mg HC/g TOC. The coals are gas-prone and only marginally oil-prone, and may in addition possess a limited oil expulsion efficiency. The effective oil window extends from approximately1.0-1.6%Ro and the start of the effective oil window is located at about3,000m depth. Very thick sedimentary successions in the Vaigat strait indicate that such burial depths have been reached for the Atane Formation offshore, and up-dip migration of hydrocarbons from these source rocks may have generated the Kuugannguaq oil seepage, which could mean that the deep-buried rock has a great potential for oil in some way.