Promote The Reform Of Economic System Should Pay More Attention To Fairness

Most countries’economy in the world cannot keep growing more than three decades. Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has kept a sustainable growth for three decades, and made enormous achievements. However, the reform has also brought a lot of practical problems which are difficult to solve. For example, the economic growth lacks motivation; the contradiction between resources, environment and population is obvious; the income distribution gap is getting larger and larger, and so on. Chinese people have already reached a consensus that China must reform again.By comparing the different environment before and after the reform three decades ago, including the differences of total economic output, income distribution, consumption of resources and environmental carrying capacity, I put forward in this paper that the current reform should pay more attention to equality, and that equality and efficiency are not contradictory, but should be unity of opposites in the sustainable development, and that the fundamental purpose of reform is to achieve sustainable economic and social development. The main problems brought about by the economic development in the past three decades are due to the excessive focus on efficiency. Of course, absolute equality cannot be achieved, so in this paper I hold the view that we should strive to achieve a relative fairness and opportunity fairness in the current stage.I consider the motivation of China’s economic system reform comes from institution innovation. Because the social basis, the areas and the environment of the reform today are all totally different from those three decades ago, the new reform aimed at today’s new situation and new change should be initiated from the top-level design, and take the top-down institutional innovation as the main motivation of reform. The current reform should take factor market reform as a breach, and take monopoly industry reform as an inevitable requirement. In addition, the reform of the economic system should go hand in hand with other areas’reforms, among which one of the most important reforms is the political system reform. The breach of political system reform is the transformation of government functions.The latest report released by the Asian Development Bank,"2012Asian.Development Outlook" and the latest research reports from the IMF have pointed out that China is still the most powerful engine of growth in Asia, and China’s economic growth speed is expected to-exceed8.5%in2012. This shows that the fundamentals of China’s economic growth are still good, and the overall situation is stable, which laid a very good basis for the next phase of reform and development. However, the difficulties we are facing are unprecedented complex. In the concrete reality, no matter how elaborate and superior the programs of reform are, reform will always cause some criticism:those with vested interests will use the advantages of their right of speaking to impede reform, the media and the public will watch the reform with critical eyes, and some people will even criticize reform with a utopian thinking. It requires not only wisdom and prudence, but also the courage and sense of responsibility for the reformers to listen carefully to public opinion, without action by the rumors. There are multiple difficulties to be solved for the current reform, the domestic and international situation is urgent, and the difficulty of the reform has significantly increased, so we must promote mandatory system innovation, the factor market reform as a breach, and adhere to the reform of monopoly industries and the transformation of government functions, instead of passively waiting for the bottom-up reform. On this issue, we cannot afford the slightest hesitation.In general, I get the following conclusions in this paper:First, about the economic system reform, the predecessors are either summing up the experience of the previous reform, or discussing how to adjust the train of thinking and the key areas to be focused in the future reform. Overall, the previous study of future reform paid more attention to experience summary, and is rarely involved in strategic research. In my view, in order to clarify the reform ideas, we must start from comparing the different background of three decades ago and now, and then present some forward-looking ideas on the basis of reviewing the history of the reform.Second, this paper compares the different environments between30years ago and now. On the aspect of total economic output and income distribution, although China is not very wealthy thirty years ago, the gap between rich and poor is small. Thirty years later, people in most parts of China don’t need to worry about lack of food and clothing, some parts are more than well-off, but the income distribution gap is widening and thus bringing about a variety of social problems. Another point of difference is that in China, compared to30years ago. On the aspect of consumption of resources and environmental carrying capacity, the resources and environment carrying capacity today has been greatly reduced, environmental pollution problem has become a highlight and the energy consumption is very high. By comparing, I conclude that although the reform giving priority to efficiency in the past three decades has promoted economy’s development, it has also caused many disadvantages. Therefore, the reform three decades later should pay more attention to the issue of equality.Third, I believe in this paper that equality and efficiency are not contradictory, but should be unity of opposites in the sustainable development. The ultimate goal of reform is to achieve sustainable economic and social development.Fourth, the equality has much implication and embodiment, and it is impossible for absolute equality to be achieved. I put forward in this paper that at present there are three levels of equality to be achieved, namely, basic equality, the relative equality and opportunity equality. According to Marx’s theory of reproduction, the reform which gave priority to efficiency30years ago mainly focused on the production and exchange links, so the reform is mainly related to commodity market. Now our reform should pay attention to equality, so we should promote the reform mainly from the allocation and consumption links. Therefore, distribution inequality resulted from inadequate factor market should become a breakthrough in the current economic system reform. I consider the monopoly industry is a key area for the reform paying more attention to equality, and top-down institutional innovation is the main route of future reform. Meanwhile, it is important that we should also promote political system reform to match economic system reform.