The Key Techniques Of ISAR Imaging And SAR Moving Targets Detection

Radar now has the ability of providing targets detection and high resolution imagingin all-weather, day/night and long range conditions. As a novel tool of informationacquisition, high resolution radar imaging can improve the capability of targetsrecognition which is useful in battlefield. With the development of science andtechnology, radar has a found a wide application. Because the imaging radar can becompetent for some missions that are difficult for some general surveillance systems,such as optics and infrared systems, it is being more and more widely used in militaryand civil fields. Imaging radar generally includes Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) andInverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR). Based on the prototype of uniform rotation,Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar is a technique that is widely used to obtain targetimages and classification such as aircraft, missile, and ship objects.Due to the requirements of Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar in military missionsincrease day by day, it is particularly important to obtain complicated target ISARimages. So that we can see targets more clearly, the requirement of resolution may behigher. Now the major difficulty of ISAR is to obtain images of high-speed targets andcomplicated targets such as ship. So we should begin study into active algorithm in thegreat understanding of principles of ISAR imaging, and start to design a real-time ISARimaging system, turning to practical account. Thus, this thesis begins with thediscussions of basic theory of ISAR imaging, and then analysis of two new algorithmsof ISAR imaging in connection with complicated targets and high resolution. After that,on the basis of the main feature and the quality requirement of ISAR imaging, areal-time ISAR imaging system with high resolution to obtain image of aircraft, missile,and ship is designed.Because of small imaging region of ISAR, it can hardly get target information in awide area, so it always works with narrow-band radar to get targets detection, trackingand imaging. In order to grasp the cognitive information about a certain area, radar isrequired to get SAR imaging of the area in military missions. Besides, it can recordmoving-targets in this picture, obtaining specific target images and classification. Thetechnique of high resolution and SAR moving-target detection becomes a key to do this,because it can implement moving-target detection and location. This thesis lastlyresearches for the theory and hardware implementation of three-channel SAR groundmoving target indication (SAR-GMTI), it can implement ground moving targets detection and motion parameter estimation, finally, the moving targets are togetherlabeled on the SAR image. The results of the experiment show the efficiency of theproposed system.