Research On Energy Efficient Broadcasting Algorithms In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network is self-organized by a large number of mobile nodes spread in the target area. The nodes act as both host and router, which are composed by the sensor chip, the memory chip and the data transceiver chip, and completed the data collection, store and compute of the target area. The entire network connect through a wireless signal by multi-hop nodes forwarding, the node process and optimize the collected data, then passed to the gateway node, eventually pass through to the user terminal by the Internet or wifi. Because the size of the node is limited, battery energy the node carried is also very limited, so energy problems in Wireless sensor network is much attended and energy saving is the primary goal of all kinds of network protocols and the algorithm design.Broadcast operation is the basic data transmission way in wireless sensor networks, responsible for spread of the controlling information, clock synchronization, route discovery, and other important operating. The simplest broadcasting can use flooding, but this way existed redundant forwarding, signal conflict and collision, it is easy to cause the broadcast storm problem, the broadcast storm has serious harms especially in the energy extremely limited Wireless sensor network. Therefore, energy-efficient broadcast algorithm is hot research topic in the Wireless sensor network. At present, domestic and foreign researchers have put forward a distinctive broadcasting algorithm to solve the problem of broadcast storms. The main researches of this article are as follows: (1) Compare and analysis Wireless sensor network broadcasting algorithm carefully, deeply research the working principle of the centralized BIP algorithm, in view of the broadcasting algorithm use unflexible directional antennas and single constraints of algorithms, proposed A-D-BIP algorithm, which based on the smart directional antenna improved by D-BIP algorithm. A-D-BIP algorithm which based on the smart directional antenna, using adaptive directional antenna model, the direction and size of directional antenna can be changed according to the network environment. In choosing forwarding nodes consider a variety of constraint conditions, such as energy limit, speed limits, and overtime limits, not to choose the node easy to cause the network topology changes. Regularly maintain of the network topology, and that every node exit or join can timely feedback to the entire network, guarantee of the broadcast news right delivered.(2) Because A-D-BIP algorithm is a centralized broadcast algorithm, node needs to know the entire network topology information to be broadcast, it is not desirable in practical applications, because of excessive computing and excessive work of maintain network information. To slove this problem, we propose a distirbuted A-D-RBOP algorithm, which based on the relative neighborhood graph RNG improved by D-RBOP algorithm. Firstly, the algorithm uses the RNG algorithm constructs the RNG topology, use adaptive beamwidth antenna model broadcast news, scientifically select the size and direction, make the algorithm show good performance in different network environment.(3) Finally, simulate the A-D-BIP algorithms and A-D-RBOP algorithm using MATLAB simulation platform. Firstly, analyzed and compared the energy consumption, the broadcast delivery rate and the node forwarding rate between D-BIP algorithm and A-D-BIP algorithm. Get the following conclusions: Compared with to the D-BIP algorithm, the A-D-RBOP algorithm can effectively save energy and make a more balanced energy consumption of the entire network, ensuring the node forwarding rate and delivery rate at the same time. Secondly, design the same experiment of the D-RBOP algorithm and A-D-RBOP algorithm, reaching the same conclusion, so it can be powerful proof of the correctness and superiority of the algorithm.